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Environmental Geography: Examines the relationships between humans and the…

- - - - Flora and Fauna:
        
        - Endangered species and conservation efforts.
        
        - Native plant and animal species.
      - Aquatic Ecosystems:
        
        - Marine ecosystems (coastal zones, coral reefs).
        
        - Freshwater systems (lakes, rivers).
      - Terrestrial Ecosystems:
        
        - Forests (tropical, temperate, boreal).
        
        - Grasslands, deserts, and tundras.
  - - - Deforestation:
        
        - Causes (agriculture, urbanization, logging).
        
        - Consequences (biodiversity loss, soil erosion, climate change).
      - Urbanization:
        
        - Impact on natural habitats and resources.
        
        - Issues like air and water pollution.
      - Pollution:
        
        - Industrial and agricultural sources of pollution.
        
        - Air, water, and soil contamination.
      - Land Degradation:
        
        - Impact of mining and quarrying.
        
        - Desertification and overgrazing.
  - - - Forestry and Fisheries:
        
        - Sustainable management practices.
      - Non-renewable Resources:
        
        - Fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) and minerals.
        
        - Extraction impacts and resource depletion.
      - Renewable Resources:
        
        - Solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy.
        
        - Sustainable water use.
  - - - National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries:
        
        - Key protected areas and their significance.
      - Biodiversity Hotspots:
        
        - Locations of high ecological value.
      - Global Conservation Efforts:
        
        - Role of organizations like WWF and UNESCO.
  - - - Climate Systems:
        
        - Seasonal variations and extreme weather events (e.g., hurricanes, monsoons).
        
        - Types of climate zones (e.g., tropical, arid, temperate).
      - Water Resources:
        
        - Groundwater and aquifers.
        
        - Rivers, lakes, and wetlands.
      - Topography:
        
        - Mountains, plateaus, valleys, and plains.
        
        - Influence of elevation on climate and ecosystems.
      - Soil Types and Fertility:
        
        - Soil classifications, fertility, and agricultural potential.
  - - - Agricultural Practices:
        
        - Traditional vs. modern techniques.
        
        - Sustainable farming and organic agriculture.
      - Urban and Industrial Land Use:
        
        - Expansion of cities and industrial zones.
      - Conflict Over Land Use:
        
        - Balancing agriculture, industry, and conservation.
  - - - Natural Disasters:
        
        - Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and floods.
      - Human-Made Hazards:
        
        - Industrial accidents, oil spills, and nuclear disasters.
      - Disaster Preparedness:
        
        - Early warning systems and risk reduction.
  - - - Rising Temperatures:
        
        - Effects on ecosystems and agriculture.
      - Carbon Emissions:
        
        - Sources and mitigation strategies.
      - Extreme Weather Events:
        
        - Increasing frequency of hurricanes, floods, and droughts.
      - Melting Glaciers and Sea Level Rise:
        
        - Impact on coastal areas and islands.
  - - - Cultural Views on Nature:
        
        - Traditional and indigenous perspectives.
      - Public Awareness Campaigns:
        
        - Initiatives to educate people about environmental issues.
      - Sustainable Practices:
        
        - Role of individuals and communities in conservation.
  - - - International Agreements:
        
        - Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol, and others.
      - National Environmental Policies:
        
        - Environmental protection laws and regulations.
      - Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs):
        
        - Role of NGOs in advocacy and action.
      - Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
        
        - UN goals related to environmental protection.