Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Subsistence living through hunting, gathering, and early agriculture.…
Subsistence living through hunting, gathering, and early agriculture. Barter systems as the earliest form of trade. Resource-based settlements (e.g., near fertile land or water sources).
1. Economic Foundations
-
Definition of Economy
: What drives the country's economy?
-
Historical Foundations
: Understand how the economy evolved (e.g., colonial history, industrialization).
-
Geography and Natural Resources
: Analyze the role of land, climate, and resources.
2. Key Economic Sectors
-
Primary Sector
: Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and mining.
-
Secondary Sector
: Manufacturing, construction, and industrial production.
-
Tertiary Sector
: Services like banking, retail, education, and healthcare.
-
Quaternary Sector
: Knowledge-based industries (e.g., IT, research).
3. National Economic Indicators
-
Inflation Rate
: Track price changes and purchasing power.
-
Unemployment Rate
: Understand labor market trends.
-
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
: Analyze overall economic output.
-
Balance of Payments
: Study exports, imports, and foreign reserve.
5. Government Role in the Economy
-
Fiscal Policy
: Taxation, government spending, and budgeting.
-
Monetary Policy
: Central bank actions to control money supply and interest rates.
-
Regulations
: Laws affecting industries, businesses, and labor markets
-
Public Debt
: Borrowing trends and national debt levels.
4. Trade and Global Integration
-
Exports and Imports
: Key trading partners and products.
-
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
: Levels and impacts of foreign investment.
-
Global Supply Chains
: Role in global production and distribution networks.
-
Trade Agreements
: Free trade zones, tariffs, and regional agreements.
6. Financial and Banking Systems
-
Central Banking
: Role of the central bank in monetary policy.
-
Commercial Banking
: Function and size of the banking sector.
-
Currency
: Stability and global exchange rates.
-
Stock Market
: Development and role of the capital markets.
7. Infrastructure and Development
-
Transportation
: Roads, railways, ports, and airports.
-
Energy
: Power generation, renewable energy, and consumption patterns.
-
Urbanization
: Growth of cities and its impact on the economy.
-
Technology
: Adoption of digital tools and communication systems.
8. Social and Labor Economics
-
Wages and Income Levels
: Study income distribution and minimum wages.
-
Employment Trends
: Workforce size, participation rates, and demographics.
-
Education and Skills
: Workforce skill levels and educational systems.
-
Poverty and Inequality
: Gini coefficient and policies addressing inequality.
10. Economic History
-
Industrialization
: Transition to manufacturing and urbanization.
-
Globalization Impact
: Integration into the global economy.
-
Colonial Economies
: Role in trade, exploitation, and resource extraction.
-
Economic Crises
: Past recessions, depressions, and recovery efforts.
11. Challenges and Future Prospects
-
Economic Inequality
: Addressing wealth gaps and regional disparities.
-
Demographic Changes
: Impact of aging populations or youth unemployment.
-
Sustainability
: Balancing growth with environmental goals.
-
Technological Advancements
: Transition to AI and automation.
9. Natural Resources and Environmental Economics
-
Environmental Policies
: Initiatives to combat climate change and pollution.
-
Energy Resources
: Dependency on fossil fuels vs. renewable energy.
-
Resource Management
: Sustainable use of land, water, and minerals.
-
Agricultural Systems
: Food production and its role in the economy.
Asia: Mountainous (Himalayas), deserts (Gobi, Arabian), forests (Indonesia, Russia), plains (India, Kazakhstan)
.
Africa: Deserts (Sahara), rainforests (Congo Basin), savannahs (East Africa), mountains (Atlas, Kilimanjaro).
Europe: Mountains (Alps, Pyrenees), coastal regions (Mediterranean), plains (Eastern Europe).
North America: Mountains (Rockies), deserts (Southwest US), forests (Canada), plains (Great Plains).
South America: Andes Mountains, Amazon Rainforest, Patagonia.
Oceania: Tropical islands (Polynesia), desert (Australia), coastal landscapes.