Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
BMET1960 - Biomedical Engineering 1A, Link: https://coggle…
BMET1960 - Biomedical Engineering 1A
Medical Imaging
Functional Imaging
PET - Positron-Emitting Tomography
SPECT
Structural Imaging
Medical Resonance Imaging
Computer Tomography
X-Ray
Motion-compensated Imaging
Prevention
passive/forcible restraints (invasive or non-invasive)
Drugs (sedation or paralysis drugs)
Compensaation
Image registration (alignment)
Gating (cyclical motion
Deconvolution (de-blurring)
Event-by-event based compensation
Computational Biomedical Engineering
1. Data Acquisition
Scans region of interest
2. Solid Modelling
3. Numerical Analysis
Geometry
Material properties
Forces/Loads
Boundary Conditions
Converting image stacks into virtual replica of region of interest in silico
Prosthesis is modelled using CAD software
DICOM handles, stores, prints and transmits information from medical imaging
Anatomy and Physiology
Form to Fit Principle!!
The nervous system interacts with entire body. neurons transmit neurotransmitter signals for body movement and function.
Understanding structures and makeups of different bones is vital to understanding function (+ replicating)
Myofibrils are the functional units of muscles, cause contractions - actin is thin, myosin is thick.
Circulatory system is responsible for transportation of oxygen and removal of CO2
Nanotechnology
Characteristics
materials with at least 1-dimension in nanometre scale (10^-9)
Very high SA:V,--> very reactive
Quantum dots have optical properties (fluoresce under UV light and colour depends on size
Nanoparticles
Uncontrolled exposure is very dangerous (asbestos or metal oxide), causing inflammation and damage to healthy cells
Therapeutic Use - targeted, controlled drug delivery and cell killing
Diagnostics and Imaging - biological imaging and sensing of biomolecules
Tissue Engineering
Biomaterials
Properties
biocompatibility
mechanical properties - withstand stress and load, compression
degradation
easy to fabricate (large-scale)
Intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace tissue, organ or function
Types include metals, bioceramics, polymers, biocomposites, biologically-derived materials
Engineering Ethics
Engineers Australia Code
Demonstrate Integrity
Practice Competently
Exercise Leadership
represent profession honeslty
promote skills and development
Promote Sustainability
recognise all stakeholders
requirements of future generations in mind
maintain profession competence
practice within area of competence
act on well-informed conscience, honestly
act impartially
Ethical Theories
Utilitarianism
Ethical Egoism
Duty Ethics
Rights Ethics
Virtue Ethics
Medical Devices for Sleep
Philosophy
Low cost and Convenient sensors
extract max info from min sensors
automation of process
Future Innovations
Home-based Diagnosis
Therapy monitoring
Wearables/Smart Phone apps
Challenges for Disorder Analysis and Treatment
current diagnosis is expensive and inconvenient
do patients use therapies each night?
treatment requirements may change over time
is treatment dosages correct?
large portion of population remain undiagnosed
need to improve patient compliance with PAP
Bioelectronics
Devices Inside Body
Pacemaker
Implant for Diabetes
Devices Outside Body
Medical Imaging
Finger Pulse Oximeter
Electroceuticals
relatively safe compared to pharmaceuticals
Electric vibration interrogation and control of the body can be targeted
Cell membranes are held together with electric charges
Ion channels can be electronically and mechanically modulated
Technology in Disability: Cerebral Palsy
Technology Program
Cause
Prevent
Treat
Cure
Neural interfaces - for mobility and pain, continence and touch
Stem Cells
Mobility ie. robotic walker, exoskeletons
Speech & Communication ie. brain computer interfaces
Imaging and Analytics
Pregnancy and Newborn Care
birthweight, pre-eclampsia, infection, seizures
resuscitation
stem cell therapies
bioinformatics, genetics
in-vivo, computational causal models
Link:
https://coggle.it/diagram/YoLaKJ7qHbBkpgFp/t/bmet1960-biomedical-engineering-1a