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Disabilities Mind Map, Complete by TN cohort 10. Names of contributors can…

- - - - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmT5MptoXUw&t=2s
- - - - Strategy 3: Use more visuals in the classroom, "use diagrams, graphics and pictures to augment what they say in words" (LDA, 2013). Speak clearly and slowly so that the student can read the teacher's lips.
      - Strategy 4: Tomatis listening therapy states that "the voice only contains what the ear can hear". The Tomatis listening center identifies signs of a struggling students through a three step process: body awareness, laterality and listening assessment. “The Tomatis Electronic Ear is the main tool of the Tomatis method". (Tomatis website, n.d)
        
        https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGdfxVGV1iE
      - Strategy 2: Students can use hearing aids. Teachers can: talk louder, put students at the front of the class, speak slowly and articulate so that students can read lips. Teacher can learn sign language to communicate with the hearing impaired student.
        
        https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl5KlEeeZrY
      - Strategy 1: Text-to-speech - Text-to-speech software, such as Kurzweil 3000, can read aloud digital or printed text.This is beneficial as students are more likely to understand text when unfamiliar words are read to them. Text-to-speech can have a positive effect on decoding and word recognition. (Young & MacCormack, 2014).
      - Four Types of hearing loss:
        1.Conductive Hearing Loss
        2.Sensorineural Hearing Loss
        3.Mixed Hearing Loss
        4.Central Hearing Loss
        (Bartelli, 2017)
      - Link to flowchart in activity 1:
        https://coggle.it/diagram/YE8g39WHwldxPO7R/t/process-to-identify-and-teach-students-with-laura-staubli-li?present=1
- - - - School:
        
        have student sit at the front
        
        don't talk facing the blackboard
        
        awareness of how beards/mustaches, books, hands, etc., can obstruct the view of lip readers
        
        provide written materials
        
        videos/films should be captioned
        
        sign language interpreter
        
        have visuals/powerpoint presentations
      - Parent:
        
        early intervention Services National Association of the Deaf
        
        support network with other parents of deaf children
        
        learn sign language
      - Assistive Technology:
        
        computer assisted notetaking (CAN)
        
        Teletypewriter (TTY)
        
        Voice to text software programs
        
        Telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD)
        
        Communication real-time translation (CART)
        
        Helpful apps:
        
        Google Live Transcribe
        
        AVA (transcribes group conversations)
        -Rogervoice (live transcription of phone calls in over 100 languages)
        
        Voxsci (speech-to-text app that transcribes voicemails)
        -TapSOS (communication with emergency services w/o having to speak or listen)
        
        Braci Sound Alert (records sounds in environment, like a doorbell, and provides a visual)
        
        Signly (provides video of sign language descriptions for various exhibits)
- - - - Personal check-in (written or verbal) throughout the day witha teacher
      - Differentiating the who, what and why of classroom processes and evalutations.
      - Sessions with a counsellor
      - Assistive technology: read-to-text and programs that allows students to work at their own level and pace (Khans academy, IXL etC)
      - Clear simple rules;rewarding positive behavior; allowing breaks; consistency in discipline and processes;
      - Strong communication and processes with the parents.
- - - - :star: Assistive technology 2: Text-Speech Function
        Some students have trouble reading aloud the text or writing down their speech with hands. For these particular learning struggles, a software which either reads aloud the text or transcribes the speech into text can help students in efficienctly formulating their thoughts through written/spoken words. This could greatly reduce the time they spend struggling to do such task.
        Young, G., & MacCormack, J. (2018, May 04). Assistive technology for students with learning disabilities. Retrieved March 16, 2021, from https://www.ldatschool.ca/assistive-technology/
        
        :<3:Accommodations
        •Grant extra time taken in focusing or completing an assignment
        •Clearly communicate the improvements that are being made
        •Ensure to keep the confidence high
        •Slower curriculum
        •Attentive in the student's feedback
        •Adjust any assistive technologies that are not working out
        •Medications if it helps
        •Therapies
- - - - Natriello (2013) suggest used adaptive navigational tools to help learners with multiple disabilities accurately work through assignments. Providing clear steps as learners encounter obstacles help them to finish assignments and progress more successfully.
      - Dependent upon the needs of the student, assistive technologies can be remarkably helpful. For example, a student who has both a physical disability and an intellectual disability might have trouble writing, so a speech-to-text software can be used to help them articulate ideas (Adebisi et al., 2015).
- - - - Students who struggle with internalizing or processing information from class
        
        Notepads - Notepads are an excellent way to record information. Students with learning disabilities (LDs) may appreciate having the information colour-coded based on the purpose, topic, or function of the information
      - Students who struggle with speaking
      - Students who struggle with Reading
        
        Highlighter strips – Translucent rectangles of colour can help eliminate extra visual clutter by blocking out the rest of the text
      - Students who struggle with writing
        
        Pencil grips – For students who struggle with handwriting, pencil grips can provide a surface that is easier to manipulate
      - Students who struggle with reasoning and organization
        
        Paper graphic organizers
    - - Programs
        
        Computer Assisted Instruction - Software designed to provide instruction and practice opportunities
        
        Good for practicing drills
        
        Provides immediate feedback
        
        interactive and can illustrate a concept through attractive animation, sound, and demonstration
        
        allow students to progress at their own pace and work individually or problem solve in a group
        
        Students need to be taught how to use their device and program in order to not have it become a distraction
        
        Can reduce distractibility
        
        Words are spoken aloud by the computer and the program will not allow the student to place the wrong letter in the word.
        
        Students develop and enhance reading comprehension skills through increased fluency, word prediction, and story prediction
        
        Ex. Read to Feed, Help my Child Read
        
        Graphic organizers
        
        Inspiration, bubble.us, iBrainstorm
        
        There are many options, less about what is the best and more about what works best for the individual student
        
        Help students who have trouble expressing their thoughts on paper
        
        Assist with the organizational stage of writing
        
        Improve writing skills
        
        Provide an organizational framework for generating content and topic
        
        Help visual learners map out their ideas
        
        Assistive Technology
        
        Programs can really help students who are struggling to develop their reading writing skills
        
        Audiobooks
        
        Spelling and grammar check
        
        Word prediction
        
        Speech 2 text, text 2 speech
        
        Kurzweil 3000
      - Devices
        
        Laptops and tablets
        
        Help students with handwriting difficulties when taking notes
        
        Teachers should be trained on how to meaningfully integrate devices
        
        Help students complete work and stay organized
        
        Don’t ensure engagement or progress
    - - Pentop computers
        
        Cheaper than tablets or laptops
        
        Useful for students with reading disabilities
      - Calculators
      - Mid tech are devices that are not as advanced as tablets and phones, but are arguably less distracting and still fully capable of providing some students with the necessary amount of assistance
      - Portable note takers
      - Audio recorders
- - - - ACCOMODATION
- - - - Request an official diagnosis from an external agency