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Genetics (Replication of DNA 1200px-DNA_replication_split.svg (DNA…
Monohybrid Cross
genetic mix between two individuals having homozygous genotypes or genotypes which have completely dominant or or completely recessive alleles that result in opposite phenotypes for a certain genetic traits
Mendel's rule of segregation- an organism inherits gene factors from their parents, one from each. These factors are transmitted from generation to generation as a discrete, unchanging unit. when gametes are formed, the factors separate and are distributed as units to each gamete.
Basic information
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Phenotypes
physical appearance of a specific genetic trait that signals the inheritance of certain genetic codes.
Homozygous
a genotype carrying two dominant or two recessive alleles. One allele is inherited from the father, and the other, from the mother.
Multiple Alleles
With multiple alleles for a single character, numerous types of crosses become possible
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Replication of DNA
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during DNA replication, the double stranded DNA helix separate
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After replication, each cell have double stranded DNA
helicase- an enzyme that helps in unwinding of DNA strands at the begining and the synthesis of new strand
Dihybrid Cross
Independent Assortment- This law states that alleles are transmitted to offspring independently of one another. Alleles separate during meiosis, leaving each gamete with one allele for a single trait. These alleles are randomly united upon fertilization.
cross between two different genes that differs in two traits. the individuals in this type of cross are homozygous for a specific trait.
Self-pollination in the F1 generation plants results in offspring (F2 generation) that exhibit a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio in variations of seed color and seed shape
Mutation
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causes
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nsertion mutation- caused by cutting of DNA by a enzyme and
rejoining with a foreign DNA as repair process
some factors like chemicals, ultraviolet lights, x-rays, radiation from radioactive substances
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