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Systems Software - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Real-time / sensor-based
        
        Sensors detect inputs and the system responds
      - Voice-activated
        
        Users interact using spoken commands
      - Menu-driven
        
        Examples: ATMs, MP3 players, self-service checkouts
        
        Often used on devices with dedicated functions
        
        Users select options from menus
      - CLI (Command Line Interface)
        
        Uses less RAM and processing power
        
        Requires less storage space
        
        Requires users to know the commands
        
        Can be faster for expert users
        
        Users enter text commands
      - GUI (Graphical User Interface)
        
        Uses visual elements
        
        WIMP = Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers
        
        Also supports drag and drop
        
        Common on desktop computers
  - - - User interface
      - Memory and multitasking
      - Peripheral devices and drivers
      - Users and access rights
      - Files and storage
  - - - Keeps track of where programs and data are stored in RAM
      - Allocates memory to programs
      - Ensures programs do not overwrite each other's data
      - Frees up memory when programs close
  - - - Which process runs next on the CPU
      - How long each process runs for
  - - - Example: Printer runs out of paper
    - - Example: Divide-by-zero error
  - - - Program that controls a particular peripheral
      - Allows the device to communicate with the operating system
      - Different devices require appropriate drivers
    - - Stores print jobs temporarily in a queue/buffer
      - Sends jobs to the printer, typically one page at a time
      - Printer sends its status back to the OS
      - OS reports errors, e.g. out of paper
  - - - Naming files
      - Allocating files to folders
      - Moving files
      - Saving files
      - Copying files
      - Deleting files
- - - - Entire hard drives
      - Individual files and folders
      - USB/removable storage
      - Communication with websites
      - Sensitive database information, such as passwords
  - - - Reorganises files so their fragments are stored together
      - Makes files quicker to access
      - Groups free space together, reducing future fragmentation
  - - - Reduces the amount of data sent over networks
      - Uses less storage space
      - Makes large email attachments easier to send
      - Allows more data to fit onto backup media