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Venezuelan displacement in Latin America - Coggle Diagram
Venezuelan displacement in Latin America
Structural Factors
(Conditions that create pressure or opportunity)
Global inequality
Sharp economic difference because of the crisis and scarcity in Venezuela vs. stability and opportunity in Mexico
Labor demand
Family networks
Formal job offer in telecommunications in Mexico
Portuguese citizenship through family provided an alternative legal pathway
decision point
Aspiration: Accept a formal job offer in Mexico to start to be a professional and economic stability, fleeing the crisis in Venezuela.
Decision: Travel to Mexico with a valid work visa and take up employment in Mexico City
legal way
Valid work visa that causes a big problem by Mexican authorities, presented at the airport with an employment contract.
irregular pathway
Portuguese passport (European citizenship), allowing visa-free entry to Mexico
2 RISKS
Unpredictable enforcement at the border — Denied entry and detained still having valid legal documentation; no access to consular support during detention
Nationality-based discrimination — Different treatment depending on which passport was used; Venezuelans faced heightened scrutiny
2 ACTORS
National Institute of Migration (INM), Mexico— The authority that detained and deported Gabriela on her first attempt
Employer & family support — The employer kept the job offer open; family ties provided access to the Portuguese passport that enabled her second attempt
1 CONSEQUENCE
Deportation did not stop her migration it only changed her pathway. She adjusted her strategy, used a different passport and entry , and successfully stay in Mexico.