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Intolerance in the 1920s USA - Coggle Diagram
Intolerance in the 1920s USA
Immigrants
Reason: culture and religion
Came from Italy, Poland, Russia; Catholic or Jewish
Different languages, crowded city neighbourhoods
Led to: Ku Klux Klan targeted Catholics and Jews [organization]
Led to: '100% Americanism'
Reason: fear of communism
Russian Revolution 1917
Red Scare and Palmer Raids 1919-20: arrests and deportations
Sacco and Vanzetti: Italian immigrants executed 1927 [person]
Led to: more suspicion of all immigrants
Reason: job competition
Soldiers returned and the 1920-21 recession hit jobs
Immigrants worked for lower wages
Led to: Emergency Quota Act 1921 [law]
Led to: Immigration Act 1924 [law]
Effect: far fewer Southern and Eastern European immigrants
Black people
Reason: white supremacy
Jim Crow segregation
Poll taxes and literacy tests blocked voting
Led to: unequal schools, jobs and pay
Reason: Klan revival
The Birth of a Nation 1915 praised the Klan
Ku Klux Klan [organization]
Led to: lynching and violence
Opposed by: NAACP [organization]
Reason: Great Migration
Moved North for jobs, e.g. Chicago
Competition for housing and work
Led to: riots (Chicago 1919, Tulsa 1921)
Led to: segregated neighbourhoods
Native Americans
Reason: land
Settlers and government wanted farmland
Dawes Act broke up tribal land [law]
Led to: land loss and poverty on reservations
Reason: assimilation
Boarding schools banned languages and traditions
Led to: loss of culture and language
Reason: unequal rights
Indian Citizenship Act 1924 [law]
States could still block voting
Led to: continuing inequality
New ideas
Threat to religious beliefs
Butler Act banned teaching evolution [law]
Scopes Monkey Trial 1925
Bryan and Darrow [person]
Scopes found guilty, fundamentalists mocked in press
Women's changing role
19th Amendment 1920: women got the vote [law]
Flappers: shorter skirts, smoking, jazz
Led to: criticism from traditionalists
Entertainment and morals
Films and jazz seen as immoral
Led to: Hays Office 1922 to control films
Prohibition 1920 backed by religious groups