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Superpowers : EQ2 - Coggle Diagram
Superpowers : EQ2
IGOs
IMF (International Monetary Fund): Monitors the global financial system and acts as a lender of last resort to countries facing debt or balance-of-payments crises.
World Bank: Provides low-interest loans and grants to developing nations for infrastructure and development projects, promoting free-market capitalism.
WTO (World Trade Organsation): Sets rules for international trade, negotiates global trade agreements, and resolves commercial disputes to enforce free trade.
World Economic Forum: A Switzerland-based organization that brings together global political, business, and civil society leaders to shape economic agendas.
United Nations Security Council (UNSC): The primary UN organ responsible for international peace and security, controlled by the 5 permanent members (US, UK, France, Russia, China) with veto powers
Strategic Alliances
NATO: A military alliance formed during the Cold War operating on collective defence, reinforcing US security influence across Europe and North America.
CIVETS (Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, South Africa): A diverse set of second-tier emerging markets attracting foreign direct investment due to low labor costs, economic adaptability, and rising domestic consumption.
Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Mauritania): A North African regional group rich in natural resources (oil, natural gas, phosphates) with strong trade ties to Europe, though hindered by low internal trade integration.
MINTS (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey): Rapidly growing emerging economies leveraging high demographic dividends (young populations) and strategic geographical locations near major global trade hubs.
Influence Over the Global Economic System
Control via Economic IGOs: Superpowers shape global capitalism and free-trade policies through key Intergovernmental Organisations (World Bank, IMF, WTO)
TNC Power & Technology: Transnational Corporations (TNCs) dominate economic and cultural globalisation, maintaining wealth through technology, trade patterns
Huawei (China), The US and key Western allies restricted or banned Huawei 5G technology over security concerns
Disney/Netflix : Dominates global media consumption, streaming content to over 190 countries and shaping global entertainment trends, language (English)
Westernisation: Superpower economic and technological dominance enables cultural spread via arts, media, consumer goods, and food.
The widespread adoption of Western consumer culture, fast food, and media (Hollywood, Disney, Netflix) across non-Western nations.
McDonnalds
International Decision-Making and Geopolitics
Global Action & 'Global Police': Superpowers and emerging nations act as key decision-makers during global crises, military conflicts, and climate change responses.
Strategic Alliances: Interdependence and influence are extended through military blocs (NATO, ANZUS), economic agreements (EU, USMCA, ASEAN)
UN & Geopolitical Stability: Global stability relies heavily on UN mechanisms, including the Security Council, International Court of Justice (ICJ), peacekeeping operations, and COP climate conferences.
Superpower Impacts on the Physical Environment
Resource Demand & Carbon Footprint: Heavy consumption of fossil fuels, food, and minerals by superpowers leads to localized environmental degradation and disproportionate carbon emissions.
USA vs. China: Superpowers show differing commitments to international environmental agreements and carbon reduction targets.
Policy shifts in the US, contrasted with China's target to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.