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B13 - Coggle Diagram
B13
Chromosomes
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They are made from long, coiled DNA molecules.
DNA contains genes, which are sections of DNA that code for proteins.
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Reproduction
asexual
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common in smallest plants and animals, and fungi, and bacteria
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sexual
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chromosome number of original cell is halved so that when gametes join together the new cell has the right number of chromosomes
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in plants, gametes are egg cells and pollen
in animals, gamete are egg cell and sperm
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reproduction in fungi
mostly asexual
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in asexual reproduction, the fungal spores are produced by mitosis and they are genetically identical to the parent
some sexually
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undergoes meiosis to make haploid spores, each one with one set of chromosomes which are different from hyphae
reproduction in plants
sexual
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flowers are adapted either to attract pollinating animals or to make it easy for their pollen to be carried by the wind and caught by another flower
once pollen has fused with egg cell, seeds are grown
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asexual
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new plants will be formed even if flowers are destroyed by frost, eaten, or fail to be pollinated
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all gametes are genetically different from each other. also, gametes join at fertilisation to restore the normal number of chromosomes and the new cell is divided by mitosis - the number of cells increases and as the embryo develops, the cells differentiate