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control and crime - Coggle Diagram
control and crime
situational crime prevention
clarke
rational choice theory
focus on the actual situation where the crime is taking place
pre-emptive approach
done before people can act especially to prevent them from doing something
reducing opportunites for crime to occur
argues that most theories offer no realistic solutions to crime
three features of situational crime prevention measures
directed at specific crime
managing the immediate environment of the crime
aim to increase the effort and risks of committing crime and reducing the rewards
evaluation
one criticsm is that it does not reduce crime it displaces it
displacement can take several forms
sptial displacement
moving somewhere else to commit the crime
temporal displacement
committing it at different time
target displacement
choosing a different victim
tactical displacement
using a different method
functional displacement
committing a different type of crime
positive
scp works to some extent in reducing certain street crimes
negative
tends to focus on petty crime and ignores white collar crime which are mostly costly and harmful
environmental crime prevention
relies on the idea that physical signs of disorder or crime give off the impression that there is low social control which attracts and encourages criminal activity
Wilson and kelling
broken windows theory
visible sings of neglect and disorder influenced level of crime
areas of high deprivation had higher rates of crime and these had often been underfunded and ignored by the local government
solutions
environmental crime prevention strategies - any broken windows must be reported/repaired immediately
zero tolerance policy strategy
the police must adapt this . instead of merely reacting to crime they mist proactively tackle even the slightest sign of disorder , even if its not criminal
clean car programme
cars were taken out of service immediately if they had graffiti on them , graffiti was largely removed from the subway