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Evelyn Rodriguez-Chavez Period 1 Muscular System - Coggle Diagram
Evelyn Rodriguez-Chavez Period 1 Muscular System
Major functions
Stabilize joints
Generate heat
Posture
Produce movement
Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
theory that thick and thin filament slide closer to each other when muscle is contracted
Skeletal muscles
Posterior
head & neck
occipitalis
sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
back
infraspinatus
teres major
Trapezius
rhomboid
latissimus dorsi
arms
flexor carpi radialis longus
extensor digitorum
brachialis
extensor carpi ulnaris
tricep brachi
flexor carpi ulnaris
Deltoid
legs
semitendinosus
bicep femoris
gracillis
semimembranosus
adductor magnus
gastrocneminus
gluteus maxiumus
gluteus medius
fibularis longus
soleus
calcaneal tendon
Anterior
Head
Orbicularis Oculi
zygomaticus
Temporalis
Orbicularis oris
Frontalis
Masseter
Neck
sternocleidomastoid
Sternohyoid
Trapezius
Trunk
Serratus anterior
external oblique
Pectoralis Major
rectus abdominis
Arms
Deltoid
Tricep brachi
Bicep brachi
brachialis
Pronator teres
Brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Legs
pectinus
adductor longus
iliopsoas
Sartorius
Tensor fasciae latae
vastus femoris
illiotribal tract
Gracilis
rectus femoris
vastus medialis
tibialis anterior
fibularis longus
gastrocnemius
soleus
extensor vigiturum longus
Sarcomere
smallest contractile unit of muscle fibers, has A band with half of I band at each end, area between Z discs
Action Potential in a Muscle fiber
Impulse which causes muscles to contract in 3 steps
generalization of end plate potential
depolarization
repolarization
Muscle coverings
Perimysium
Fibrous, surrounds fascicles
Endomysium
Fine areolar, surrounds each muscle fiber
Epimysium
Dense irregular, surrounds entire muscle, may blend with facia
Neuromuscular junction
1) AP arrives at axon terminal
2) voltage gated calcium channels opne, calcium enters motor neuron
4) ACh diffuses across to ACh receptors on sarcolemma
5) ACh binding to receptors, opens gates, allowing Na+ to enter resulting in end plate potential
3) calcium entry causes release of ACh neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
6) Acetycholinesterase degrates ACh
Types of muscles and functions
Smooth
Propels substances or objects along internal passageways, involuntary control
Cardiac
As it contracts it propels blood into the circulation, involuntary control
Skeletal
Voluntary movement, locomotion, manipulation of environment, facial expression, voluntary control
Muscle disorders
Myasthenia gravis
neuromuscular disorder that blocks neurottansmitters
Cerebral palsy
spastic paralysis causing muscle weakness
Fibromyalgia
muscle pain
Myositis
inflamation of muscle
Muscular dystrophy
muscle weakness and atrophy