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RED EYE - Coggle Diagram
RED EYE
CORNEAL ULCER
Predisposing Factors
Trauma (disrupts corneal epithelium)
Contact lens wear (increases microbial keratitis risk)
Vitamin A deficiency (causes epithelial breakdown and xerophthalmia)
Neuroparalytic keratitis (loss of corneal sensory reflex leading to mechanical damage)
Exposure keratitis (lagophthalmos / failure of eyelid closure causing drying)
Etiologies / Pathogens
Bacterial infections
Fungal infections
Viral infections (HSV-1, Herpes Zoster)
Symptoms & Pathophysiology
Severe pain due to exposed corneal nerve endings and foreign body sensation (pricking pain)
Reflex lacrimation, photophobia, and blepharospasm secondary to irritation
Vascular engorgement and hyperemia from conjunctival vessels promoting healing and immune defense
General Treatment & Management
Cycloplegics (Parasympatholytics): Inhibits muscarinic receptors to paralyze ciliary and sphincter muscles, relieving pain and preventing posterior synechiae
Eye Patch: Prevents excessive eyelid movement and friction over the healing corneal surface
Analgesics: Controlled pain management
ANTERIOR UVEITIS (Iridocyclitis)
Inflammatory condition of the iris and ciliary body
Classified into infectious vs. non-infectious / auto-immune etiologies
CONJUNCTIVITIS
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
The three main types of conjunctivitis are:
Viral Conjunctivitis: Usually caused by viruses like adenoviruses, typically presenting with a watery discharge, redness, and irritation, and is highly contagious.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacterial pathogens (such as Staphylococcus or Streptococcus species), typically characterized by a thick purulent or sticky discharge and eyelid mattering.
Allergic Conjunctivitis: Triggered by environmental allergens (such as pollen or dander) and characterized predominantly by intense itching, redness, and tearing, usually affecting both eyes.