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WHAT COUNTS AS GOOD RESEARCH?, has a qualitative analogue, has a…
WHAT COUNTS AS GOOD RESEARCH?
FOUR QUALITY QUESTIONS
VALIDITY (internal)
Does the evidence reflect what is studied?
Threats: history, testing, instrumentation,
regression; equalisation / rivalry
RELIABILITY
Similar results if the study is repeated?
Threats: subject error; participant bias, observer error/ observer bias
has a qualitative analogue
GENERALISABILITY
How far do findings extend beyond the case?
Threats: selection, atypical setting,
history and construct effects
CREDIBILITY (reporting)
Is the production of evidence assessable?
Methods disclosed
researcher expertise
funding and potential conflicts
QUALITATIVE TRUSTWORTHINESS
CREDIBILITY (qualitative)
Believable, well-grounded interpretations
Triangulation
member checks
negative cases
peer scrutiny
TRANSFERABILITY
Thick description of context and
participants
Readers judge fit with other settings
Not automatic population generalisation
DEPENDABILITY
Consistent and clearly documented process
Detailed design, procedure and audit trail
Does not require identical results
CONFIRMABILITY
Findings arise from evidence, not
preferences
Reflexivity
transparent decisions
triangulation
audit trail
Objectivity / Bias
has a qualitative analogue
has a qualitative analogue
Research questions, design and paradigms shape how quality is assessed.
Alternative criteria for context-sensitive inquiry
Consistency · Accuracy · Reach · Scrutiny
A separate cross-cutting concern.