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MAPPA 2 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Anonymous & Oral
      - Word of mouth (until the 12th century)
      - Cultural values
    - - Scop (the poet)
      - Harp (musical accompaniment)
      - Noblemen (the audience)
    - - Stress: 4 stresses per line
      - Caesura: a break dividing each line into two halves
      - Alliteration: repetition of initial consonant sounds
      - Kenning: a phrase used in place of a noun (e.g., "whale-road" or "swan's road" for sea)
- - - - Nobles: Those who fought
      - Clergy: Those who prayed
      - Peasants: Those who worked (95% of the population)
    - - Ranks: Kings, dukes, earls, and knights
      - Vassalage: Swearing loyalty to a lord in exchange for land and protection
    - - Primogeniture: Only the eldest son inherited noble land
      - Younger Sons: Often joined the religious life
      - Serfs: Bound to the land and required to give part of their harvest to the lord