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Muscular system Leslie Valle Period 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - single, spindle shaped, no strations
        
        involuntary movement, moves substances through internal organs and controls the movement of material inside your body
  - - - branching chains of cells, uni or binucleate, strations
        
        involuntary movement, contracts to pump blood throughout your body
  - - - single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells with obvious strations
        
        voluntary movement, allows your body to move, maintains posture and produces body heat
- - - - Myasthenia gravis: neuromuscular disorder that blocks neurotransmitters caused by autoimmune
        
        Cerebral palsy: spastic paralysis causing muscle weakness caused by brain injury
        
        Myositis: Inflammation of the muscle caused by autoimmune or infection
        
        Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Most common and serious form of muscular dystrophy, muscle-destroying disease that generally appears during childhood
- - - - Stabilizes joints
        
        Generate heat as they contract
- - - - Step 3: Tropomyosin normally covers the places where myosin needs to attach to actin nut tropomyosin moves
        
        Step 4: Myosin heads attach to actin which is called the cross-bridge
        
        Step 5: Myosin pulls toward the center of the sarcomere which is called the power stroke
        
        Step 6: ATP allows myosin to detach, rest, and attach again so it can keep pulling
- - - - Actin(thin) filaments are attached to the Z discs
        
        Myosin(thick) filaments are located in the center
        
        When myosin pulls actin toward the center the Z discs move closer together
        
        The sarcomere becomes shorter therefore producing contraction
- - - - Step 3: Acetylcholine attaches to receptors on the muscle allowing sodium to enter
        
        Step 4: The electrical signal travels across the muscle fiber down little tunnels called T-tubules
        
        Step 5: The signal tells the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium
- - - - Third step: Calcium entry causes synaptic vesicles to release acetylcholine
        
        Forth step: Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to acetylcholine receptors which contain ligand- gated cation channels
        
        Fifth step: These ligand-gated cation channels open
        
        Sixth step: Sodium enters the muscle fiber while potassium exits the muscle fiber making the membrane potential to become less negative
        
        Seventh step: Once the membrane potential reaches a threshold value, an action potential travels down the sarcolemma