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ESTERS, Reactants: Carboxylic acid + alcohol - Coggle Diagram
ESTERS
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PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Solubility: Small esters have limited solubility in water; solubility generally decreases as the carbon chain grows.
Boiling point: Generally lower than comparable alcohols because ester molecules cannot donate hydrogen bonds to each other.
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Physical state: Many common, low-molecular-weight esters are colorless liquids at room temperature.
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CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES
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Combustion: Esters can burn in oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water under complete combustion.
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USES
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Solvents: Ethyl acetate is used in paints, coatings, and adhesives.
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Plastics and textiles: Esters are important in making polyesters, such as PET.
EXAMPLES
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Methyl butanoate (methyl butyrate)
Formula: C₅H₁₀O₂
Feature: Has a fruity odor and occurs in some fruit aromas.
OCCURRENCE IN NATURE
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Fats and Oils
Triglycerides, the main components of fats and oils, contain ester bonds formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
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Natural Waxes
Esters occur in various plant and animal waxes, where they help provide protective, water-resistant coatings.
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