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PE - Sports Psychology (1) - Coggle Diagram
PE - Sports Psychology (1)
Characteristics of Skilful Movement & Classification of Skill
Motor Skill
Learned ability to bring about a predetermined result
Uses movement efficiently and effectively
Characteristics of a Skilful Movement
Efficient
Minimum time
Minimum effort
No wasted energy
Predetermined
Performer knows the outcome before starting
Planned movement
Coordinated
Different body parts work together
Maximum effectiveness
Fluent
Smooth flowing movement
No hesitation
Aesthetic
Controlled movement
Looks good to watch
Classification of Skills
Open Skills
Environment changes
Performer reacts to external factors
Unpredictable
Examples
Rugby tackle
Hockey dribble
Football pass in a match
Closed Skills
Stable environment
Predictable
Can be planned beforehand
Examples
Tennis serve
Golf putt
Gymnastics routine
Environmental Continuum
Closed ---------------------- Open
Simple Skills
Few decisions
Little concentration
Basic movements
Examples
Sprint start
Catching a stationary ball
Complex Skills
Lots of information processing
High concentration
Many sub-routines
Examples
Volleyball spike
Triple jump
Gymnastics routine
Difficulty Continuum
Simple ---------------------- Complex
Goal Setting
Purpose
Increase motivation
Improve performance
Monitor progress
Provide focus
Encourage commitment
SMART Targets
Specific
Clear target
Measurable
Progress can be tracked
Achievable
Realistic but challenging
Recorded
Written down and monitored
Timed
Has a deadline
Benefits
Improves confidence
Maintains motivation
Gives direction
Measures success
Encourages harder training
Example
Improve 1500m time by 10 seconds in 8 weeks
Mental Preparation
Purpose
Improve performance
Increase confidence
Reduce anxiety
Prepare performer mentally
Mental Rehearsal
Going through the skill in the mind
Benefits
Improves confidence
Improves technique
Familiarises performer with skill
Imagery
Creating mental pictures
Visualising successful performance
Benefits
Improves concentration
Improves confidence
Reduces anxiety
Familiarises performer with environment
Selective Attention
Focus on relevant cues
Ignore distractions
Examples
Ignoring crowd noise
Focusing on the ball
Benefits
Improves concentration
Reduces distractions
Positive Thinking
Positive self-talk
Self-belief
Examples
"I can do this"
Remembering previous success
Benefits
Increases confidence
Improves motivation
Controls nerves
Anxiety
Definition
Negative emotional state
Feelings of worry and nervousness
Effects on Performance
Reduced concentration
Poor decision making
More mistakes
Lower confidence
Types of Anxiety
Cognitive Anxiety
Mental symptoms
Examples
Worrying about performance
Fear of failure
Negative thoughts
Lack of confidence
Somatic Anxiety
Physical symptoms
Examples
Sweating
Increased heart rate
Shaking
Butterflies in stomach
Feeling sick
Reducing Anxiety
Mental rehearsal
Imagery
Positive thinking
Selective attention