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OCCUPATIONAL SHARP INJURY PREVENTION & MANAGEMENT - Coggle Diagram
OCCUPATIONAL SHARP INJURY PREVENTION & MANAGEMENT
RISK ASSESSMENT & PATHOGENS
Bloodborne Pathogens
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Risk: 6.0% - 30.0%
PEP: HBIG + Vaccine Series
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Risk: 1.8%
PEP: Direct-Acting Antivirals
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Risk: ~0.3%
PEP: 3-Drug Regimen (28 Days)
High-Risk Instruments
Local Anesthetic Needles (Recapping & Disassembly)
Scalpel Blades & Suture Needles (Surgical Transfer)
Rotary Burs & Endodontic Files (Mounted Handpieces)
Periodontal Scalers & Explorers (Slippage in Wet Field)
Risk Factors (Severity Level)
Depth of Injury (Deep puncture vs. Superficial scratch)
Device Type (Hollow-bore needle vs. Solid sharp)
Visible Blood Volume on Instrument
Contact Type (Percutaneous vs. Mucous Membrane Splash)
PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Engineering Controls
Safety-Engineered Syringes & Scalpels
Rigid Sharps Containers (Puncture-resistant & Biohazard Labeled)
Mechanical Recapping Devices
Work Practice Controls
Single-Handed Scoop Technique (No Two-Handed Recapping)
Neutral Transfer Zones (Hands-free Instrument Transfer)
Bur Removal Post-Treatment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Heavy-Duty Utility Gloves (Instrument Cleaning)
Protective Eyewear & Fluid-Resistant Gowns
POST-EXPOSURE MANAGEMENT
Immediate First Aid
Percutaneous: Wash thoroughly with soap & water (Do not squeeze)
Mucous Membrane: Flush with water/saline for 15 mins
Incident Reporting
Notify Infection Control Officer / Supervisor
Document details (Device, Depth, Fluid, Procedure)
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
Timely Initiation (Ideal <2h, Max 72h)
Complete 28-Day Antiretroviral Regimen
SEROLOGICAL EVALUATION
Source Patient Evaluation
Obtain Informed Consent
Screening: HBsAg, Anti-HCV, Anti-HIV
Exposed Worker Evaluation
Verify Anti-HBs Titer (>=10 mIU/mL)
Baseline HIV & HCV Serology Testing
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
Staff Training Programs
Mandatory Annual Bloodborne Pathogen Training
Routine Surveillance
Sharps Injury Log Analysis & Quality Improvement
Immunization Mandates
Complete Hepatitis B Vaccination Series