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Creating Hermony Though Moral Character, (Required concept, Translation…
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Jen:
Humaneness, benevolence, or compassion
Treat others with empathy and concern.
Humaneness, benevolence, or compassion
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Develop good character through learning, reflection, and practice.
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Ritual propriety, proper conduct, or appropriate behavior
Express respect through ceremonies, manners, and fulfilling responsibilities.
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Influence others through a good example, especially as a ruler.
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Use poetry, music, literature, and the arts to cultivate character.
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Hierarchical — arranged by rank or seniority: Age, family position, and authority shape responsibilities.
Reciprocity — mutual obligation: Those with authority must also care for those under their authority.
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- Ruler–subject: The ruler governs justly; the subject offers loyalty and responsible service.
- Parent–child: Parents provide care and guidance; children show respect and filial devotion.
- Husband–wife: Traditionally, spouses held different roles and duties within the household.
- Older sibling–younger sibling: The older provides guidance; the younger shows respect.
- Older friend–younger friend: In Smith’s presentation, the older offers guidance and the younger respect; friendship also requires trust.
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