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Efficient conversion of wood biomass - Coggle Diagram
Efficient conversion of wood biomass
Wood type and composition
Softwood
More manna-rich hemicellulose, higher lignin content, lignin more condensed in G units
Hardwood
More xylan-rich hemicellulose, Lower lining content, lignin contains G and S units
Wood type influences which enzymes are needed and how accessible carbohydrates are
Enzyme cocktails
Core cellulases
Endoglucanases, cellobiohydralases, b-glucosidase, LPMO
Additional enzymes
Softwood
mannanases, b-mannosidases,( laccasse, peroxidases)
Hardwood
xylanases, b-xylosidases, (acetyl xylan estarases, a-glucuronidases)
Ligning modifying enzymes
Enzyme cocktail must be tailored to the wood type and the desired product
Pretreatment
Breaksdown cell wall
Increases porosity and surface area
Increases substrate availability
Removes/redistributes lignin
Changes the substrate and determines what barriers remains
Hydrolysis conditions
temperature and pH
reaction time and shear force
enzyme dosage
solids loading and size
Inhibitors production
Influence enzyme activity and conversion efficacy
Interconnected factors
Conversion performance and feasibility
Sugar yield and concentration
Enzyme and processing costs
Compatibility with downstream processes