Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Introduction to virology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Nucleic acid type
        
        RNA / DNA
      - Structure
        
        Linear or Segmented
        
        Stranded
        
        Single or Double
      - Virality
        
        RNA viruses are more viral
    - - Positive or Negative
      - Positive strands directly code for protein
        
        mRNA is positive since it codes for protein
      - DNA & RNA are negative or antisense since it is the opposite of mRNA
    - - Structural examples
        
        Symmetry
        
        Envelope
      - Shape examples
        
        Helical
        
        Icosahedral
      - Size
        
        Ultramicroscopic
        
        20 - 300 nm dia.
    - - Genome sequence similarity
      - Ecology
  - - - "Transcribes mRNA directly from dsDNA"
      - dsDNA: double-stranded DNA
    - - "mRNA is transcribed from a dsDNA intermediate formed from ssDNA"
      - ssDNA: single-stranded DNA
    - - "RNA pol. transcribes mRNA from the dsRNA negative strand"
      - dsRNA: double-stranded RNA
    - - "+ssRNA directly acts as mRNA, and undergoes immediate translation"
      - +ssRNA: Positive-sense single-stranded RNA"
    - - "dsRNA is transcribed into an RNA intermediate, which reverse transcriptase converts it back into DNA for mRNA prod."
      - dsRNA-RT: Double-stranded DNA reverse-transcribing
    - - "Reverse transcriptase copies the ssRNA genome into a dsDNA intermediate, which is then transcribed into mRNA"
      - ssRNA-RT: Single-stranded RNA reverse-transcribing
    - - "RNA pol. transcibes -ssRNA into a +mRNA strand"
      - -ssRNA: Negative-sense single-stranded RNA
  - - - Viruses can burst cells
      - Viruses can envelop themselves into cytoplasmic membranes
        
        Moves like vesicles
    - - Antimicrobials
      - Vaccination
        
        Live / Killed pathogens
      - Eradication
        
        FMD
        
        Rabies
      - Biosecurity
        
        Lockdown
        
        Minimised contact
    - - Animal slaughter / lockdown
        
        Money
        
        Food
      - Less travel
  - - - Bacteria
      - Plants
      - Animals
  - - - Able to pass through filters that trap ordinary bacteria
- - - - Already present in the UK
    - - Not normally present in the UK
  - - - Investigated tobacco mosaic disease
      - Retained infection after being put through a filterable agent
    - - 1898
      - Filtration experiments
        
        Discovered viruses
      - First used the word virus
  - - - Mass culling of pigs
      - Ignorance & Panic
    - - 300 mn human deaths
      - 20th century
    - - Similar to other viruses
      - Bat → Wildlife
    - - Bat → Wildlife
        
        Importing bypasses borders
      - Vaccination
      - Fatal symptoms