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realist theories of crime - Coggle Diagram
realist theories of crime
right realist- causes of crime
Biological differences
e.g. aggressive or risk taking personalities more likely to commit crime
Wilson & Hernstein
Socialisation
– RRs say the nuclear family is the ideal – problem is the underclass, who are dependent on welfare state and don’t socialise their children properly
Rational choice theory
– criminals make decisions about committing crime based on risk of getting caught and the harshness of the punishment
cornish and clarke
right realist- solutions to crime
Keep neighbourhoods tidy
– Broken windows theory
Wilson & Kelling
Zero tolerance to ALL crime
– however petty including drunkenness, begging, prostitution – zero tolerance policing
Reduce rewards and increase costs of crime
– target hardening and increase length of prison sentences
evaluation
RRs ignore structural causes of crime e.g. poverty
Obsessed with street crime – ignores corporate crime
Zero tolerance policing leads to discrimination particularly towards the working class and ethnic minorities
Left realist – CAUSES of crime
Relative deprivation
– in a capitalist society people are encouraged to want things it makes poorer people feel deprived in relation to richer people – even if they DO have the basics – and this can tempt them into crime.
Criminal subcultures
– these form when people respond to not being able to achieve mainstream goals legitimately
merton
Marginalisation
– e.g. unemployed youths – have nothing else to do.
Left realist - SOLUTIONS to crime
Community policing
– build relationships between police and communities – LRs are against stop and search as it alienates people and communities and causes tension instead of collaboration
Tackle structural causes
of inequality in society – including discrimination, unemployment + provide better housing and community facilities
evaluation
ignores corporate
Assumes all people who experience relative deprivation turn to crime