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Sound Waves - Coggle Diagram
Sound Waves
Ultrasound
Frequency above 20 000 Hz
Reflected by boundaries
Produces echoes
Used in medical scanning
Used in prenatal scans
Used to measure distance
SONAR
Sound Navigation and Ranging
Uses ultrasound
Used by ships
Measures sea depth
Detects underwater objects
Properties of Waves
Amplitude
Maximum displacement
In Sound
Loudness
Frequency
Number of waves per second
Unit
Hertz (Hz)
In Sound
Pitch
Wavelength
Distance between equivalent points
Wave Speed
Equation
Wave Speed = Frequency × Wavelength
Seismic Waves
Caused by earthquakes
P Waves
Longitudinal
Travel through solids and liquids
S Waves
Transverse
Travel through solids only
Used to study Earth structure
Echo Sounding
Pulse of sound sent out
Echo returns
Time measured
Distance calculated
Sound Waves
Longitudinal waves
Require a medium
Cannot travel through vacuum
Speed of Sound
Fastest in solids
Slower in liquids
Slowest in gases
Hearing
Human Hearing Range
20 Hz to 20 000 Hz
Frequency above range
Ultrasound
Frequency below range
Infrasound
Echoes
Sound reflection
Used to calculate distance
Equation
Distance = Speed × Time ÷ 2
Longitudinal Waves
Compressions
Particles close together
Rarefactions
Particles spread apart