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Radioactivity, Marie Curie my goat, Math stuff
1 Ci = 3.7 x 10^10 decay/s…
Radioactivity
Uses of Radioactivity
Archaeological field:
- Radiation from the isotope-14 can determine the age of fossils, wood, and bone through the activity of radiation emitted by these materials
Medical field:
- Radioactive radiation is used to detect the location of clogged arteries in heart patients, is used to kill cancer cells, and to sterilize hospital equipment and rooms
Field of defense:
- Nuclear energy used by some submarines and aircraft carriers
- Nuclear weapons contain radioactive materials such as uranium and plutonium that release enormous amounts of energy when exploded
Fields of food preservation:
- Some preserved foods emit radioactive radiation to kill the microorganisms present in the food
Agricultural field:
- Increase the rate of absorption of fertilizer by a plant with a small mixture of radioactive material
- Radioactive radiation is used to kill pests and is used to genetically modify plant cells to produce better breeds
Industrial field:
- Radioactive radiation is used to detect cracks in groundwater pipes, check luggage bags at airports, and the thickness of a material
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Atom and Nuclues
Atomic structure
- Proton = Positively charged, Inside the atomic nucleus
- Neutron = Neutral, inside the atomic nucleus
- Electron = Negatively charged, inside the atomic nucleus
Ion Formation
- Ions are formed when atoms lose (positive ions) or receive electrons (negative ions)
- Positive ions are formed when atoms lose electrons. So a positive ion has more protons than its number of electrons
- Negative ions are formed when atoms receive electrons. Thus, a negative ion has more electrons than its number of protons
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Half- life of Radiation Decay
0 Days = No decay
5 days = 1/2 decayed, 1/2 not decayed
10 days = 3/4 decayed, 1/4 not decayed
15 days = 7/8 decayed, 1/8 not decayed