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Hyperthyroidism - Coggle Diagram
Hyperthyroidism
PHARMACOLOGY
Beta-Blockers
Propranolol: Non-selective blockade, T4-to-T3 inhibition
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Thionamides
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Propylthiouracil: TPO inhibitor, peripheral T4-to-T3 blockade
Toxicity: Agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity
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Glucocorticoids
Hydrocortisone: Conversion blockade, autoimmune suppression
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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Cardiovascular
Rhythm: Sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation
Haemodynamics: Systolic hypertension, high output
Metabolic
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Temperature: Heat intolerance, diaphoresis
Neurological
Motor: Fine hand tremor, hyperreflexia
Psychiatric: Anxiety, irritability, insomnia
Systemic
Gastrointestinal: Hyperdefaecation, diarrhoea
Reproductive: Oligomenorrhoea, subfertility
Physical Signs
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Eyes: Proptosis, exophthalmos, lid lag
Skin: Pretibial myxoedema, acropachy
ETIOLOGY
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Exogenous
Drug-Induced: Amiodarone, lithium, checkpoint inhibitors
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DIAGNOSIS
Biochemistry
Hormones: Low TSH, high T3/T4
Antibodies: TRAb, TSI, anti-TPO
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COMPLICATIONS
Thyroid Storm
Trigger: Infection, surgery, trauma
Features: Hyperpyrexia, delirium, heart failure
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Skeletal
Bone Loss: Osteopenia, accelerated osteoporosis
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