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ENVIRONMENT & SUSTAINABILITY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Energy: switch to renewables (solar, wind, hydro) and improve efficiency, which cuts carbon emissions and air pollution together.
      - Water: use efficient irrigation, recycle wastewater, and protect watersheds.
      - Land and food: protect forests, restore soils, and farm in ways that store carbon and save water.
      - Circular economy: reduce, reuse, and recycle so materials stay in use and waste is minimized.
- - - - Climate and carbon: greenhouse gas emissions, carbon footprint, and atmospheric CO₂ levels.
      - Air quality: PM2.5 and other pollutant concentrations compared with health guidelines (such as WHO limits).
      - Water: water use per person or per crop, groundwater levels, and water quality.
      - Energy: share of renewable energy and energy efficiency.
      - Resources and waste: recycling rates, material use, and waste produced per person.
      - Ecosystems: forest cover, biodiversity, and soil health.
    - - UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): 17 goals with targets and indicators that countries use to track progress.
      - Ecological footprint: compares human demand on nature with what Earth can regenerate.
      - Life cycle assessment (LCA): measures the environmental impact of a product from production to disposal.
      - Planetary boundaries: scientific limits for Earth systems, such as climate, water, and biodiversity, that humans should stay within.