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Autoimmune Encephalitis - Coggle Diagram
Autoimmune Encephalitis
Signs
Abnormal movements
Altered consciousness
Abnormal EEG
CSF inflammation/antibodies
Possible MRI abnormalities
Treatment
IVIG
Plasma exchange
Rituximab/cyclophosphamide if needed
Treat/remove associated tumor
Seizure/psychiatric treatment
Early treatment improves recovery
Prognosis
Earlier treatment = better outcome
Recovery may take time
Some problems may remain
Relapse possible
Untreated AE can be life-threatening
Symptoms
Confusion
Behavior/emotional changes
Fear/panic attacks
Speech, balance, or vision problems
Memory/thinking problems
Etiology
Brain inflammation
Autoantibodies
Cancer association in some cases
Many cases sporadic
Risk factors vary by subtype
Immune System attacks heatlhy brain cells
Diagnosis
EEG
Lumbar puncture/CSF testing
Blood/antibody testing
Possible cancer screening
No single diagnostic test
MRI