Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Ideology: - Coggle Diagram
Ideology:
Utopia -> Karl Mannheim:
Ideological thought -> justifies keeping things as they are, tend to be conservative and favour hierarchy.
Utopian thought -> justifies social change. reflects the position and interests of the underprivileged and offers a vision of how society could be organised differently. For example, Marxism.
Manheim sees these world views as creations of groups of intellectuals, however they only provide a partial view of reality. This is a source of conflict in society.
Heavily influenced by the two world wars. Sees all belief systems as a particular or one-sided worldview. He distinguishes between two broad types of belief systems.
Solution: 'Detach' intellectuals from the social groups they represent and create non-aligned intelligentsia. Through this they can combine elements of each ideology and utopia to arrive at a 'total' worldview that represents the interests of society as a whole.
However, many elements of different political ideologies directly contradict.
Marxism and Ideology:
Essentially Marxism (The minority ruling class owns the means of production and control the state, the working class must revolt and will do this through a class consciousness etc)
The ruling class own the means of production of ideas through societal institutions, and use this to legitimate the existing social set up.
Ruling class ideology includes:
- Equality goes against human nature
- Victim blaming
- Racism to divide the working class
The dominant ideas are the ideas of the ruling class, and they function to prevent change by creating a false consciousness among the workers.
Neo-Marxism:
It is possible for the working class to develop class consciousness and overthrow capitalism. Gramsci says this requires a political party of 'organic intellectuals'
Abercrombie et al argues it is economic factors like fear of unemployment that keep workers from rebelling not a dominant ideology.
Gramsci refers to the ruling class ideological domination of society as hegemony. As a result, workers have a dual consciousness which is a mix of ruling class ideology and ideas they develop from their own direct experiences and exploitation.
-
Nationalism:
Anderson argues a nation is only an 'imagined community' but it can bind millions of strangers together and create a sense of common purpose.
Argues that nations are real, distinct communities, each of which should be self-governing. National loyalty and identity should have come before all others.
-
-
Definition: A set of ideas, values and beliefs that provides a means of interpreting the world, and represents the outlook, and justifies the interests of a social group.