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5 ways of classifying research - Coggle Diagram
5 ways of classifying research
Nature of data
Qualitative: Information in words that explores peoples experiences.
uantitative: Information in numbers that can be counted or measured
units of analysis
Orginizations: Organized institutions being studied, for example police departments
States: States being studied together, for example Florida, Arizona, orr New York
Groups: groups of people being studied, for example gangs
Nations: Countries being studied as units, For example United States, Canada or russia
Individuals: SIngle people being studied.
Social Artifcats: products of people and their behavior. Such as newspaper articles and online social media post.
Reductionism: Using information about individuals to draw conclusions about groups
Ecological Fallacy: using information about groups to draw conclusions about individuals
Aggregate: A collection of units studied together
time dimension of research
Cross Sectional: Collects data at a single point in time, providing a snapshot of what is being studied
Longitudinal: collects data at least twice over an extended period to examine changes over time
Trend Studies: examine changes in a general population over time using different people each time
panel studies: study the same people, groups, or organizations over time
cohort studies: Follow people who share an experience during a specefic period such as being born in the same year
Purpose of Research
Exploratory: explores a topic when little or no previous research exist and may collect baseline data for later comparisons
Descriptive: Ask Who, When, Where, and How. describes the charecteristics
Explanatory: Ask WHY. looks for causes and factors that predict an outcome.
methods of reasoning
Deductive: Begins with an exising theory, develops a hypothesis, and collects observations to determine whether the hypothesis is supported
Inductive: starts with observations, identified a pattern, develops a possible hypothesis, and builds a theory.