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Component 1, Chapter 3, Chapter 2, Chapter 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - an area of low pressure, bringing rain
      - stretches around Earth
      - moves north in June because the sun is overhead the Tropic of Cancer
      - by December the sun moves overhead the Tropic of Capricorn, and the ITCZ goes with it
      - forms in the tropics where two masses of air meet
      - because the sun is overhead the Tropic of Cancer in June, this creates summer in the northern hemisphere
      - Inter Tropical Convergence Zone
- - - - is cold
      - is salty
      - is heavy
      - sinks
      - this sets up a convection current
        
        this drags surface water down
        
        The current draws warmer salty water over the ocean surface from areas near the Equator (e.g. Gulf of Mexico)
        
        this cools and sinks in the Labrador and Greenland seas and flows south toward the Equator where it's warmed again
  - - - on land, dark surfaces absorb sunlight which is converted to heat
      - land heats quicker in summer, but only on the surface so that it can cool easier in winter
      - when the land heats, the air also heats and the expands and rises which creates low pressure in summer
      - this means it takes longer for the ocean to heat but also longer to cool
      - in the summer, the air stays cooler so its therefore denser which means there's areas of high pressure
      - in the sea some sunlight reflects and some is absorbed (until 30 m deep)
    - - this creates wind