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Introduction to Latin America and the Caribbean - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to Latin America and the Caribbean
European racial supremacy
Africans brought to the Americas
Racial oppression within the Spanish and Portuguese empires over the Americas
Colonial states
The fragility of liberal democracy
System of government that to most political scholars appears vulnerable and fragile by autocratic forces
Vulnerable and under threat in latin America, since they began experimenting with democracy, following independence/ revolutions
Established as republics (minus the constitutional monarchy of Brazil)
Countries ran by constitutions which intended to rule by the will of the people
From the get-go the project of liberal democracy was constantly on the verge of collapse and has been seen to descend into civil war at various points of the region's history
Authoritarianism has been seen to take over the attempt of democracy in Latin America
internal contradictions and tensions within liberal democracy
Terminology
Latin America
More ambitious to define that the Caribbean
Refers not to a geographical but a cultural phenomenon
'Latin America' comes from its use of Latin languages (primarily Spanish, Portuguese, and French)
means some Caribbean countries constitute as Latin America (e.g. Cuba and Haiti)
More restrictive 'Latin America' definition - refers to those parts of the Americas where Spanish and Portuguese is spoken (still includes Cuba, but no longer Haiti)
A part of America Latin in culture
An idea not widely shared in Latin America itself (besides some Mexican conservatives)
An idea invented by French intellectuals
latin America began using the idea of Latin America in the 1850s in response to USA aggression/imperialism
Latin Americans, when they did adopt the idea of Latin America, tended to include only Spanish speaking countries, or Spanish speaking countries plus Brazil
The Caribbean
The geographic destination of the islands within and the mainland coastlines around the Caribbean Sea
What unifies the Caribbean as a geographical entity is the connection by the CaribbeanSea as a body of water which facilitates transport and connection
The Caribbean historically was a primary destination for the transport of enslaved Africans in the Americas
Historical experience marked more so by the trauma of slavery than elsewhere in the Americas
Diverse countries sharing similar experiences
South of USA