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Geomorphic Process, EROSION - Coggle Diagram
Geomorphic Process
*WEATHERING
MECHANICAL
Is the physical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition. -
Causes: -Freeze thaw- water seeps into cracks in the rocks and freezes the water expands causing rocks to crack. -Thermal expansion- Repeated heating of the rock during the day and the cooling in the night causing the rocks to fracture. -
CHEMICAL
The breakdown of rocks and minerals through chemical reactions to alter their orginial composition.
Materials like limestone are eroded by the slight acidity of water.
Oxidisation - material that contains iron may rust as it oxidises, weakening it
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BIOLOGICAL
Biological weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals caused by living organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
Causes: Roots shooting up through rocks cracking them.
Burrowing animals like rabbits and moles dig into the ground which exposes rock.
Mass Movement
Slumping
Slumping is a type of mass movement where saturated, soft material moves down a slope along a curved slip plane, often forming a rotational motion. Luke Wilson
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Mass movement is the downhill movement of sediment that moves because of gravity. There are four different types of mass movement:
PROCESSES
Longshore drift
Longshore drift is the movement of sediment along a coastline caused by waves approaching the beach at an angle. -Hugo. S
INPUTS
Offshore Sediments
Offshore sediment refers to particles such as sand, silt, clay, and bioclastic material that accumulate beyond the immediate shoreline in the nearshore and continental shelf zones. Luke Wilson
FLUVIAL INPUTS
Changing sediment composition: River sediment can introduce minerals and organic matter that differ from sediments produced in the ocean, Luke Wilson
Building deposits: Sediment can accumulate near river mouths, forming deltas, mudflats, and submarine fans. Luke Wilson
Increasing sediment supply: Rivers transport sand, silt, clay, and organic material into coastal waters.- Hugo.s
COASTAL EROSION
Coastal erosion is the process by which coastlines are gradually worn away by the action of natural forces such as waves, tides, currents, and wind.- Hugo.s
Processes called erosion, mass movement and weathering break down and remove material from the coast. The material is moved along the coastline by the sea and deposited when there is energy loss.
EROSION
ABRASION
The wearing away of cliffs by sediments carried in the wave,
Abrasion plays a key role in shaping landscapes over time, this process not only changes landforms but also contributes to sediment creation, which is then transported to other areas
HYDRAULIC ACTION
th sheer force of the water breaking down rocks and cliffs - also air is forced into cracks eroding the rock (cavitation).
ATTRITION
the process of erosion caused by the collision and grinding of rocks and sediment in water. Luke Wilson
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