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The Digestive System - Coggle Diagram
The Digestive System
Types of Digestive Systems
intracellular digestion
food goes directly into cells, digested there
extracellular digestion
digestive enzymes released into cavity
physical fragmentation (chewing/grinding)
chemical digestion (hydrolysis reactions to liberate subunit molecules from food)
oral cavity (frag and chem dig)
pharynx
esophagus (connects ph to tum)
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
cloaca (non mammals)
rectum
anus
liver produces bile, gallbladder stores bile, pancreas produces pancreatic juice (enzymes+bicarbonate)
tissue layers
mucosa
epithelium that lines the lumen of tract
submucosa
connective tissue
nerve networks (plexuses b/t muscle layers)
muscularis
double layer of smooth muscle tissue, inner layer is circular + constricts the gut
serosa
epithelium covering outside of tract
Mouth and Teeth
birds
2 chambered stomachs
gizzard
pebbles swallowed by bird grind up food (along w/ muscle action)
carnivores
pointed teeth for cutting and tearing (don't rly need to chew)
herbivores
large flat teeth w/ complex ridges (grind) to break up cell wall before digesting
omnivores (humans) are carnivores in the front and herbivores in the back of mouth