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Products and processes, CAPS: Grade 3, Term 4: Products and Processes…
Products and processes
Technology
Process: from sugar cane to sugar
Inquiry activity: Learners examine pictures or tools used during sugar production. Ask: “What does this tool help people do?”
Key concept: Technology uses tools, techniques and processes to change sugar cane into sugar. (Department of Basic Education, 2011, pp.8, 57; Clay Brick Association of Southern Africa, 2016).
Skills: Investigating, problem solving and communicating.
Process: from clay to brick
Inquiry activity: Learners investigate clay and brick making and
Ask: “What must happen to clay before it can become a strong brick?”
Skills: Investigating, designing, problem solving and communicating.
Key concept: Technology uses tools, materials and processes to change clay into bricks that meet a need. (Department of Basic Education, 2011, p.8).
BKN focus: Investigate, design, make, evaluate and communicate (Department of Basic Education, 2011, p.8).
Value: Creativity, responsible use of materials and problem solving.
Natural Science
Plants: what we get from plants
Inquiry activity: Learners compare sugarcane and sugar
Ask: "What is the same and what is different?"
Key concept: plants have observable properties such as texture, hardness, colour and smell.
(Department of Basic Education, 2011, pp.8, 57; Naudé and Meier, 2025, pp.100–108).
Skills: Observing, comparing, describing and communicating.
The earth: what we get from the earth
Inquiry activity: Learners compare clay and brick.
Ask: “What changes can you see and feel?”
Skills: Observing, sequencing, comparing and communicating.
Key concept: Materials from the earth can be used to make useful products. (DBE, 2011, p.57; South African Sugar Association, 2026).
BKN focus: Matter and materials; scientific inquiry skills (Department of Basic Education, 2011, p.8).
Value: Curiosity and careful observation of the natural world.
Social Science
People involved in making products
Inquiry activity: Learners examine pictures of farmers, factory workers and brick makers.
Ask: “What job does each person do, and how do they depend on one another?”
Key concept: People perform different jobs and depend on one another to produce goods used by communities.
(Department of Basic Education, 2011, pp.8, 57; Naudé and Meier, 2025, pp.28–37;
South African Sugar Association, 2026).
Concepts: Relationships, interdependence and cause and effect.
Products used in communities
Inquiry activity: Learners identify products used at home or school and ask: “Where does this product come from, and why do people need it?”
Concepts: Relationships, interdependence, change and responsible use of resources.
Key concept: Communities use products made from plants and the earth to meet everyday needs. (DBE, 2011; Naudé and Meier, 2025).
BKN focus: Relationships, interdependence, change and cause and effect (Department of Basic Education, 2011, p.8).
Value: Respect for workers, communities and responsible use of resources.
CAPS: Grade 3, Term 4: Products and Processes (Department of Basic Education, 2011, p.57).
Integrated BKN
Natural Science, Technology and Social Science are taught through an integrated theme while retaining the distinct focus of each discipline (Department of Basic Education, 2011, pp.8–9).