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Consideration - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Not consideration (Collins v Godefroy [1831]), unless the party exceeds their legal duty (Glasbrook Bros v Glamorgan CC [1925]).
    - - Merely fulfilling existing terms is not consideration (Stilk v Myrick [1809]), unless extra duties are taken on (Hartley v Ponsonby [1857]) or a practical benefit is conferred without economic duress (Williams v Roffey Bros [1990]).
    - - Performing an existing duty owed to a third party is valid consideration (Pao On v Lau Yiu Long [1980]).
  - - - Paying less than the full debt on the due date is not good consideration to forego the balance. Pressure negates agreement (D and C Builders v Rees [1965]).
    - - Accord and satisfaction (e.g., earlier payment, different item, payment by third party) or Promissory Estoppel (Central London Property Trust v High Trees [1947]—used as a shield, not a sword, per Combe v Combe [1951]).