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Chapter 3: The Research Process, Common research mistakes, 1, 3, 4 -…
Chapter 3: The Research Process
Paradigms of Social Research
Paradigms: mental models or frames
Positivism
science or knowledge creation should be restricted to what can be observed and measured.
theories that can be tested
Post-postivism
one can make reasonable inferences about a phenomenon by combining empirical
observations with logical reasoning
science seen as not certain but probabilistic
interpretivism
radical structrualism
radical humanism
functionalism
Ontology
assumptions about how we see the world
Epistemology
assumptions about the
best way to study the world
Research Process
#1 Observation
- observe a natural or social phenomenon, event, or behaviour
# 3 Validation
- test theories
using a scientific method
#2 Rationalism
- make sense of the observed phenomenon, event, or behaviour
Phases of Research
Exploration
theories
Literature Review
to survey the current state of knowledge in the area of inquiry
identify gaps in knowledge in that research area.
to identify key authors, articles, theories, and findings in that area
Research questioins
Research Execution
pilot testing
data collection
data analysis
Research Design
Research Method
Operationalization
- rocess of designing precise measures for abstract theoretical
constructs
Sampling survey
research proposal
2
Research Report:
documenting the
entire research process and its findings
Insufficiently motivated research questions
Pursuing research fads
Unresearchable problems
Favored research methods
Blind data mining
Common research mistakes
1
3
4