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Designing a lesson plan : - Coggle Diagram
Designing a lesson plan
:
Objectives
Characteristics
Student-Centered Focus
Shifts attention from teacher-led content coverage to measurable learner achievement.
Dual Aim Structure
Includes student aims (learning targets) and personal aims (teacher self-development goals).
SMART Framework
Should be Specific, Measurable, Agreed upon/achievable, Realistic, and Time/resource-bound.
Cognitive Levels
Categorized through frameworks like Bloom’s Taxonomy (Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation).
Linguistic & Logistical Breakdown
Aims can be divided by target language content and lesson logistics
Definition
Aims
Broad purposes, general teaching intentions, or anything a teacher wants students to achieve in a lesson.
Learning Outcomes
Student-centered statements describing specifically what learners should be able to do or perform by the end of a session.
Students
Characteristics
Heterogeneity / Class Diversity
:
Every class possesses mixed language skills, proficiency levels, ages, academic backgrounds, mother tongues, sexes, personalities, language aptitudes, and learning styles.
Class Types & Environments
Includes heterogeneous, very large, one-to-one/small, exam-focused, substitute, under-resourced, and challenging/undisciplined classes.
Affective & Behavioral Factors
Concentration, energy levels, motivation, personal interests, dynamics, and interpersonal relationships among students.
Differentiated Syllabuses
Multi-tier systems such as minimum compulsory vs. optional extended syllabuses, student-skills syllabuses, or theme-based syllabuses.
Student Collaboration & Bonding
Pair work, group work, informal peer teaching, and non-language bonding tasks to foster class cohesion and student interdependence.
Definition
Represent the starting point of lesson planning. The core learners whose existing knowledge, background, and needs establish the baseline for instruction
Context
Characteristics
Prerequisite for Meaning
Must be clarified before learners analyze or practice the meaning and form of target language.
Consistency & Continuity
Must remain continuous from the start of the lesson through to the main productive task to avoid confusing students.
Personalization
Works best when related to students' own real-life experiences, ideas, and opinions,
Context Continuum
Spans real, realistic, implied, and imaginary situational contexts.
Methods for Setting Context
Visual
Pictures, gradual chalkboard drawings, short videos.
Verbal
Short anecdotes, guided predictions, topic mind maps.
Aural
Songs or audio clips
Relia
Physical objects, toys, photos, magazines
Definition
A clearly established situation or environment in which language occurs. Clarifies who the speakers are, their relationship, where they are, and why the interaction takes place.