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SA Alimentary 6: Surgery 2 Part A - Coggle Diagram
SA Alimentary 6: Surgery 2 Part A
Describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and
surgical treatment of oral neoplasia in cats and
dogs
ORAL MASSES: PRESENTATION:
halitosis - gingiva
bleeding - tongue
dysphagia - tonsils
neoplasitic
non-neoplastic
infectious
infmamm
reactive hyperplasia
ORAL NEOPLASIA: INVESTIGATION:
impression smear or FNS
incisional biopsy for histo
SPREAD?
FNA of lymph nodes
imaging to assess local invasion and distat metastasis
STAGE AND BIOPSY?
HISTOLOGY?
COMPLICATIONS OF MAXILLECTOMY / MANDIBULECTOMY:
Intra-operative
haemorrhage
nerve damage
salivary duct injury
iatrogenic fracture
Post operative
dysphagia
inappetance
would dehisxence
malocclusion
Describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and
surgical treatment of salivary mucoceles
SIGNALMENT:
dogs rathet than cats
young
small breeds
AETIOLOGY
SALIVARY DUCT RUPTURE
LOCATION:
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS:
aspiration - thick stringy saliva
Imaging - not required
side localisation
TREATMENT AND COMPLICATIONS:
Describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and
surgical treatment of nasopharyngeal disorders
in cats and dogs
Nasopharyngeal disorders: types & aetiology:
CLINICAL SIIGNS:
upper resp obstruction ie steror or mouth breathing
sneezing
gagging
dysphagia
NASOPHARYNGEAL PLYPS: PRESENTATION:
DIANOSIS:
NASOPHARYNGEAL POLYPS TREATMENT:
Describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and
treatment of oropharyngeal stick injury in dogs
HISTORY/ AETIOLOGY:
history of stick retrieval or stic chewing
impalemnt
large acruve breeds
may or may not witness injury
always syuspect in a dog with acute oral pain, dysphagia or cervical swelling after outdoor exercise
RUN ON INJURY:
thrown stick behaves like a javelin
dog attemps to retiev it before it lands
stick lands with one end poitning upwards
dog runs on tp the stationary stick with an open mouth
oropharynx, soft palate or oesophagus may be penetrated
ice berg injurty = deep tissue daage ogetm extends beuounf visibe wound
OROPHARYNGEAL STICK INRT CLINICAL SIGNS AND EXAMINATION:
Peracute
heamorrhage
airway cimpromise
pneumomediatstinum
pneumothorax
dyspnoea
Acute
oral pain
dysphagia
hypersalivation
gagging
pyrexia
Chronic
cervical swelling
0 draining tract
-0 abcessation
persisrant dysphagia
recurrent disease
EXAMINATION:
IMAGING STICK INJURY:
radiogrpahy
endoscopy
CT
RADIOGRAPHY
Advantages
readily available
visualisation of radio-opaque foreign materal
good for highlighting subcutaneous emphysema
Limitations
:
poor for low-density foreign materal such as wood
may not show significant injury
ENDOSCOPY:
**Advantages:
idenitifed penetration site
allows exploration
enables visualisationan dremobal of foreign materal
Limitations
:
not always available
operator dependent
can miss foreign materal
CT:
Advanatges
excellent visualisation pf injuries ansd tracts
detection of retained forign body
defines full extent of iceberg injuries
Limitations
not always available
may require referrak
expensive
