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Lactation, Breast Feeding, Infant Feeding - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Newborn infants lack the enzyme to convert methionine to cysteine
        
        Hepatic cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) activity is extremely low or virtually absent
- - - - Increases chance of developing eczema and asthma in later life
- - - - Chronic lung diseases
        
        Carb restriction
        
        Due to carbs giving off more CO2 than protein and fat
        
        Optimise fat and protein intake
      - Infection
- - - - High nutritional value
      - Easily digestable and absorbable
      - Prevention of infection and atopy
      - More suitable for preterm infants
    - - Fertility control (lactational amenorrhoea)
        
        Ovulation suppression due to
        
        Elevated prolactin levels
        
        Reduced GnRH release
        
        Reduction of LH production
      - Uterine involution (uterus returns to pre-pregnancy size)
      - Bonding with baby
  - - - Newborn screening of inborn errors of metabolism needed
  - - - Soluble upon acidification
      - Easier digestion
      - Contains essential amino acids, immunoproteins, enzymes
- - - - Estrogen
        
        Milk duct proliferation
      - Progesterone
        
        Alveolar development
  - - - Alveolar hypertrophy
      - Milk production inhibition
        
        After birth, lactation is initiated by rapidly decreasing levels of estrogen and progesterone
    - - Responsible for milk production
- - - - Proper positioning
      - Frequent feeding
      - Express milk before feeding
      - Analgesics
  - - - Complication: breast abscess
    - - Warm compress
      - Massage
      - Change position
      - Effective removal of milk
    - - Staph aureus is common
      - Treatment
        
        Erythromycin, dicloxacillin, amoxacillin, cephalexin
- - - - Activates macrophages
    - - Enhances T cell development
    - - Augments cell mediated immunity