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Clinical Anatomy & Hernias of the Abdominal Wall, Pushes directly…
Clinical Anatomy & Hernias of the Abdominal Wall
Wall Weaknesses & Upper Hernias
Anatomical Weak Zones
Lack of anterior bony support + erect posture stress predisposes to herniation
Primary Weak Points:
Inguinal Canal
Linea Alba
Umbilicus
Upper Wall Hernias
Epigastric Hernias
Protrude through the linea alba between xiphoid process and umbilicus (upper linea alba is thinner and less resistant)
Umbilical Hernias
Common in newborns due to delayed closure/weakness of the umbilical ring
Inguino-Femoral Hernias
Landmark: Malgaigne's Line (Projection of Inguinal Ligament)
ABOVE Malgaigne's Line = INGUINAL HERNIA
Direct Inguinal Hernia
Indirect (Oblique) Inguinal Hernia
BELOW Malgaigne's Line = FEMORAL (CRURAL) HERNIA
Pushes directly through weak abdominal wall muscles (medial inguinal fossa / Hesselbach's triangle)
Rarely enters or passes through the superficial inguinal ring
Enters deep inguinal ring via the lateral inguinal fossa
Traverses the path of the inguinal canal alongside the spermatic cord / round ligament