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14A）_4. Global Electricity Generation Cost各类发电方式的平均成本 - Coggle Diagram
14A）_4. Global Electricity Generation Cost各类发电方式的平均成本
4.1 Global Electricity Generation Cost
4.1.1 Solar PV Average power generation cost—太阳能光伏平均发电成本：$43/MWh≈ 4.3美分/kWh
4.1.2 Global average cost of onshore wind power：$34/MWh≈ 3.4美分/kWh
4.1.3 Global average cost of offshore wind power:：$79/MWh≈ 7.9美分/kWh
4.1.4 Global average cost of Hydropower —$57/MWh≈ 5.7美分/kWh
4.1.5 Global average cost of Geothermal—：$60/MWh≈ 6美分/kWh
4.1.6 Global average cost of Biomass —$87/MWh≈ 8.7美分/kWh
4.1.7 Global average cost of Natural Gas — 约 $48–109/MWh
4.1.8 Global average cost of Coal — $71–173/MWh
4.1.9 Global average cost of Nuclear —$170/MWh≈ 17美分/kWh
4.1.10 Global average cost of Solar + Storage$50–131/MWh
4.1.11 Global average cost of Wind + Storage $44–123/MWh
4.2 From Generation Cost to Delivered Electricity Cost从发电成本到用户到户电力成本
4.2.1 Solar PV：从$43/MWh ≈ 4.3¢/kWh+Cheap Solar Generation ≠ Cheap 24/7 Solar Power
4.2.2 Onshore Wind：$34/MWh ≈ 3.4¢/kWh+Transmission
4.2.3 Offshore Wind$79/MWh ≈ 7.9¢/kWh+Higher Infrastructure Cost
4.2.4 Hydropower：Generation + Flexibility + Grid Balancing
4.2.5 Geothermal：Stable, but with limited resources稳定但资源有限
4.2.6 Biomass：Schedulable, but involves fuel costs可调度，但存在燃料成本
4.2.7 Natural Gas：Flexible, but dependent on fuel prices灵活，但依赖燃料价格
4.2.8 Coal：stable, but system costs are becoming increasingly complex.发电稳定，但系统成本越来越复杂
4.2.9Nuclear：High capital costs vs. low fuel costs高资本成本，低燃料成本
4.2.10 Solar + Storage：真正开始接近“可用电力”
4.2.11Wind + Storage风电与储能的逻辑完全类似。