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Peritoneal Cavity & Functional Anatomy, Communication :, Definition : …
Peritoneal Cavity & Functional Anatomy
Lesser Sac / Omental Bursa
A distinct peritoneal diverticulum/recess situated behind the stomach
+ Communicates with the greater peritoneal cavity via the Foramen of Winslow (Hiatus de Winslow / Omental foramen)
Anatomical Boundaries :
Anterior
Stomach
Posterior
Duodenopancreatic block
Periphery
Bound by the 4 omenta/épiploons (lesser, greater, gastrosplenic, pancreaticosplenic)
Peritoneal Cavity Compartmentalization
Nature
Potential space (cavité virtuelle) between parietal and visceral layers, partitioned by peritoneal folds
Transverse Mesocolon
Primary landmark dividing the cavity into 2 compartments :
Supracolic Compartment
Above the transverse mesocolon
Infracolic Compartment
Below the transverse mesocolon
Functional Anatomy
Mechanical & Fixity Role
Slipping Surface
Lubricated by a small amount of serous fluid to allow frictionless organ movement
Fixity
Mesos and ligaments anchor viscera to abdominal walls
Pathology
Loss of this space via adhesions or effusions impairs normal visceral function
Resorption & Absorption Role
Features remarkable absorptive capabilities across the mesothelium
Clinically utilized for rapid medication absorption and peritoneal dialysis
Immune Defense Role
Protects abdominal organs against microorganisms using resident histiocytes (macrophages) and lymphocytes
Communication :
Definition :