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Liver Vessels & Nerves, Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV),…
Liver Vessels & Nerves
1. Hepatic Pedicle Structures (Located in Hepatoduodenal Ligament / Porta)
Portal Vein (Main Afferent Vein)
Function
Drains nutrient-rich blood from abdominal digestive organs & spleen into the liver
Formation
Formed posterior to the pancreatic isthmus by union of:
Course & Dimensions
Courses superiorly and to the right; ~8 mm diameter, ~8 cm length
Termination
Divides at the porta hepatis into Right & Left portal branches
Proper Hepatic Artery
Origin
Terminal branch of Common Hepatic Artery (from Celiac Trunk / Abdominal Aorta)
Termination
Divides into Right & Left branches following the portal vein branches
Branches Given Off:
Right Gastric Artery
Cystic Artery
Spatial Orientation in Pedicle:
Lies anterior to the portal vein
Lies to the left of the common bile duct
Lymphatic Drainage
Descending Pathway
Follows pedicle branches
→ traverses hilum
→ nodes along proper hepatic artery
→ Celiac Lymph Nodes
Ascending Pathway
Follows hepatic veins to IVC
→ Supradiaphragmatic Caval Lymph Nodes
Hepatic Nerves
Derived from the Hepatic Plexus
Accompanies the proper hepatic artery
Originates from the Celiac (Solar) Plexus
Common Hepatic Duct
Spatial Orientation in Pedicle: Descends anterior to the portal vein, to the right of the proper hepatic artery
Continuation: Fuses with the cystic duct to form the Common Bile Duct (Choledochus) → drains into 2nd (descending) part of duodenum
Formation: Fusion of Right and Left hepatic ducts at the porta hepatis
2. Hepatic Veins (Suprahepatic) : (Drain Lobules → IVC)
Middle Hepatic Vein
Joins the left hepatic vein to form a short common trunk → opens into the anterior surface of the IVC
Pathway: Centrolobular veins → interlobular/sublobular veins → Hepatic Veins → cranial IVC
Left Hepatic Vein
Joins middle hepatic vein → drains into anterior IVC
Right Hepatic Vein
Largest; opens directly into the right border of the IVC
Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV)
Splenomesenteric trunk (Splenic Vein + Inferior Mesenteric Vein)