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DESIGNING FOR EXREME, (Producing microchips, Crystalline silicon), Nickel…

- - - - Blood Circulation
      - Blood Pressure
    - - Vaccinations
      - Infection Risk
    - - Artificial daylight(satellites equipped with reflective surfaces to redirect sunlight.
      - Circadian rhythm.
- - - - refrigeration
      - long-term storage
      - emergency food supply
    - - balanced nutrition
      - allergies
    - - indoor farms
      - greenhouses
      - community gardens
    - - kitchen/cooking
      - dining
  - - - carbon dioxide
      - temperature + humidity control
      - air filtration
    - - ventilation
      - air flow
      - pressure regulation
  - - - water extraction
      - water recyling
      - atmospheric water extraction
    - - drinking water
      - household use
      - medical use
      - agriculture use
      - water quality
        
        water testing
        
        pH monitoring
        
        contamination monitoring
    - - water treatment/purification
      - filtration systems
      - condensation recyling
      - urine recyling
    - - water tanks
      - emergency water reserves
      - distribution network
  - - - human waste
      - food waste
      - household waste
      - zero-waste system
- - - - https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-physics/chapter/6-2-centripetal-acceleration/
      - https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20070001008/downloads/20070001008.pdf
      - How much rotation (RPM) can human's live with?
        
        https://nss.org/wp-content/uploads/Space-Settlement-Population-Rotation-Tolerance-Globus.pdf
        
        Maximum RPM of 4-6 for longterm, <2 ideal
        
        Example:
        when a=9.8m/s2 and r=200m, rpm = 2.11
        
        when a=0.7G=6.86m/s2 and r=100m rpm= 2.5
        
        RPM = 30*(angular velocity)/pi
    - - Problem with fuel
      - where would it travel?
  - - - Areas that need gravity
        
        Living areas
        
        Sleeping?
        
        Excercise areas
        
        Medical/health
        
        Some recreation areas
        
        Work areas
      - Not required
        
        Storage
        
        Services (e.g water, oxygen, energy)
        
        Docking
        
        Some labs
- - - - MIRRORS AND HELIOSTATS
      - CONCENTRATED SOLAR RECEIVER
      - HIGH TEMPERATURE WORKING FLUID
    - - STIRLING ENGINE GENERATOR
      - BRAYTON CYCLE GENERATOR
      - HEAT EXCHANGER AND GENERATOR
    - - GREENHOUSE HEATING
      - HABITAT AND WATER HEATING
  - - - HIGH EFFICIENCY PV CELLS
      - SOLAR TRACKING TOOL
      - FOLDABLE ARRAY
    - - ROBOTIC INSTALLATION
      - Modular and replaceable panel strings
      - Regolith anchors or ballasted foundations
    - - ROBOTIC CLEANING AND INSPECTION
      - USING DUST RESISTANCE MATERIAL FOR THE SURFACE
      - RADIATION AND TEMPERATURE CYCLE RESISTANCE TECHNOLOGY
  - - - CONTINUOUS POWER GENERATION
      - PEAK DEMAND POWER GENERATION
      - EMERGENCY POWER GENERATION
    - - LIFE SUPPORT
      - FOOD PRODUCTION
      - LABORATORIES
      - WATER
      - THERMAL CONTROL
      - CONSTRUCTION
      - ROBOTIC
    - - HAVE ENOUGH POWER TO SUPPORT AT LEAST 200 PEOPLE
      - NO POINT OF POWER GENERATE FAILURE
        
        BACK UP POWER GENERATION
        
        MAINTAINANCE TEAM
      - EXPANDABLE ENERGY GENERATION CAPACITY
  - - - REMOTE REACTOR ZONE
      - Link Title
- - - - Splitting water into Hydrogen and Oxygen using solar energy (https://gtep.technion.ac.il/researchers-split-water-into-hydrogen-and-oxygen-using-solar-energy/)
        
        Benefits:
        
        Long-term energy storage System
        
        Produces water
        
        Oxygen can also support life support systems
  - - - Used alongside batteries (store relatively less energy compared to batteries)- can help extend life pf a battery
        
        Used for emergency power- Instantly provides electricity if the main power shuts off
        
        Quick bursts of power for a short amount of time- can be used on airlocks to power doors that needs quick bursts of electricity. OR can be used on robotic equipment for short bursts of high power
- - - - Low Earth Orbit
      - Polar Orbit
      - Sun Sync Orbit
      - Medium Earth Orbit
      - Highly Eccentric Orbit
      - Geostationary Orbit
  - - - Types of Radiation
        
        Alpha
        
        Beta
        
        Gamma
        
        X-Ray
        
        Protons / Electrons / Neutrons
        
        Heavy Ions
      - Effects of Magnetic Feilds
        
        Magnetic Sheilding
        
        Planetary Radiation Belt
    - - Debris Maps
      - Mitigation Statergies
      - Size and Categories
    - - Earth Orbit - Instant
      - Moon Orbit - 2-3 Seconds
      - Sun - 8 Minutes
      - Other Plantes - Depends on relative postion
  - - - Stability of Lunar Orbits
      - Effects of no Atmosphere & low Gravity
      - Benefits from Proximity to Earth
        
        Re Supply
        
        Duration to reach Moon?
        
        Lunar Habitat
        
        Quick Communication
    - - Extreme Extreme Conditions
        
        Heat
        
        Radiation
        
        Solar Flares
        
        Can they be predicted
        
        How high do they go, will they reach orbit
    - - CO2 Atmospere
        
        Possible to Survive Low orboit
        
        Tempurature
        
        Atmospheric pressure?
        
        Harness CO2 for Oxygen
    - - Rings
      - Moons
        
        Alternative Orbits
        
        Potential to extract resourses
        
        TITAN
        
        Liquid Methane & Ethane
- - - - low density and high strength
      - Aluminum alloys
        
        Aluminum - lithium alloys have 10% or more weight saving
        
        Uses friction stir welding which does not require inert shielding gas or filler material. Additionally friction stir welding produces welds with less defects and higher weld joint strength
    - - Carbon
      - Anodized
      - Stainless
    - - Kevlar
        
        Protection against space debri, also heat resistant
      - Ceramic Blanket
        
        Thermal protection
      - Temperature regulating materials
        
        Coating
        
        MIL-C-5541 (Mainly to resist corrosion during launch)
        
        hexavalent chromate (Environmental issues due to toxicity)
        
        https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20160013391/downloads/20160013391.pdf
        
        Non-Coating
        
        Ceramic Blanket
        
        Kevlar
        
        Mirrors
        
        Aluminized Mylar
        
        Berylium
      - Lunacrete
      - Astrocrete
        
        regolith
        
        human serum albumin
        
        Serum found in human blood
        
        Also by adding urea which comes from urine tears or sweat the compressive strength goes from 25 MPa to 40 Mpa with base concrete having a strength of 20 - 32 MPa. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunarcrete
      - Producing concrete
        
        By using regolith as an aggregate concrete can be made. However currently the use of concrete is hypothetical due to its weight.
        
        A hypothetical addition to a space station made by Nasa for the use of creating lunarcrete
        https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19930007707/downloads/19930007707.pdf
      - Nylon
      - Processes to strengthen materials
        
        Anodizing
      - Producing materials in space
        
        Crystals being made
        
        The environment allows for growth of larger higher quality crystals
        
        3D - Printing can be used for onsite expansion
    - - Can be deformed whilst cold, however when heated returns to its original or taught form
- - - - pre installed -
        -structure
        -insulation
        -internal finishes
        -plumbing
        -electrical
        -furniture
      - transport vessel becomes the habitat-less waste
        
        rocket body space can also be utilised as a space
      - central hub with connecting pods.
        
        differrnt pods for differnt functions
      - shape?
        
        speheres/domes for distributing pressure
        
        cylindrical modeules like spacecrafts
      - Things to consider
        
        launch mass
        empty volume launches are inefficient
        a launch failure results in the loss of an entire habitat or pod
        structural strength required fro launch unnecessary in orbit
        nest launch shape vs living shape
        
        can astronauts access connection in suits
        
        assembly sequence testing
      - https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/swin/detail.action?pq-origsite=primo&docID=3564006
        
        robotic assembly
        
        self locking or automatic connections
        
        design external connections for suit hands
        
        highly choreographed orbital assembly
        
        1launch central command
        2extrablish communication and power
        3structural spine
        4solar panels/energy source
        5robotic assembly system
        6life support amd emergency
        7habitation modules
        8 food production
        9 extra services/ recreational components
        10 shielding and protection
        11 testing throughout
    - - high launch mass
      - could be a form of deployable structure
      - main structure deployed first and then fittings MEP and others fitted later.