Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Sensory inputs & motor outputs are subdivided into: Somatic & visceral General & special Nerves allows the CNS to receive information & initiate action
Somatic & visceral General & special
Nerves: bundles of peripheral axons Ganglia: clusters of peripheral neuronal cell bodies
Innervate effectors (muscle fibers & glands)
Initiate signals in sensory axons
Free nerve endings of sensory neurons Monitor general sensory information Complete receptor cells Specialized epithelial cells or small neurons Monitor most types of special sensory information
Monitor general sensory information
Specialized epithelial cells or small neurons Monitor most types of special sensory information
Function: Location Type of stimulus detected Structure: Free nerve endings Encapsulated nerve endings
Location Type of stimulus detected
Free nerve endings Encapsulated nerve endings
Widely distributed Nerve endings of sensory neurons monitor touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, pain, temperature, proprioception
Located at/near body surfaces Include receptors for touch, pressure, pain & temperature
Changes in chemical concentration Taste stimuli Stretching of tissues Temperature
Touch, pressure, stretch, vibration & itch
Include 4 main types
Rapidly adapting receptors
Adapts slowly
All others originate from the brainstem
CN X (Vagus) is the only cranial nerve that extends into the abdomen
Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique
Contracts pupil Controls shape of lens
Pass through superior orbital fissure
Has 3 divisions: Ophthalmic division (V1) Maxillary division (V2) Mandibular division (V3) Contains motor fibers that innervate the chewing muscles
Ophthalmic division (V1) Maxillary division (V2) Mandibular division (V3) Contains motor fibers that innervate the chewing muscles
Contains motor fibers that innervate the chewing muscles
Abducts the eye
Special visceral sensory from taste buds on anterior 2/3 of tongue
5 branches: innervate facial muscles
Innervation of lacrimal glands, submandibular & sublingual salivary glands
Vestibular branch: special somatic sensory - equilibrium Cochlear branch: special somatic sensory - hearing
General visceral sensory: Posterior 1/3 of tongue Pharyngeal mucosa
Posterior 1/3 of tongue Pharyngeal mucosa
Elevate pharynx during swallowing
Innervate the parotid salivary gland
General visceral sensory from thoracic & abdominal viscera Special visceral sensory: taste buds on epiglottis
Skeletal muscles of the pharynx & larynx
Parasympathetic innervation to heart, lungs, abdominal viscera
Innervates trapezius & sternocleidomastoid
Innervate the tongue muscles
Roots only have either sensory or motor fibers (not both)
The cell bodies of these sensory neurons are in the dorsal root ganglion Sensory neurons are unipolar
The cell bodies of these motor neurons are located in the ventral gray column of the spinal cord
Each rami contains both motor & sensory fibers
Anterior & lateral regions of neck & trunk All regions of the limbs
Preganglionic fibers exit the spinal cord from the thoracic & upper lumbar levels (T1-L2)
Fibers from ventral rami crisscross
Most are cutaneous nerves Some innervate muscles of the anterior neck
Causes the diaphragm to contract & relax
In line with its emergence point from the vertebral column
Supply the intercostal muscles, skin & abdominal wall
Innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve
Arteries dilate, compress & irritate sensory nerve endings
Paresthesia, pain, burning, loss of sensation
Muscle weakness & paralysis
Trauma, repetitive use, HIV, diabetes, vitamin B deficiency