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Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), Bio-alcohol Production, Hydrothermal…
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
Feedstock
Lipid-Based
Feedstocks
Used Cooking Oil (UCO)
Vegetable Oils
Soybean
Rapeseed/Canola
Palm
Camelina
Sunflower
Others
Animal Fats
Fish Oil
Microbial Oils (Single Cell Oil)
Others
Lignocellulosic
Biomass
Agricultural Residues
Wood Waste
Bagasse
Corn Stover
Others
Sugar & Starch
Feedstocks
Cassava
Molasses
Cellulosic Sugars
Others
Industrial & Municipal
Waste
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Plastic Waste
Food Waste
Others
Gaseous Feedstocks
Syngas
Biogas
CO
Hydrogen
Others
Other feedstocks
Production
Pathways
HEFA (Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids)
Fischer-Tropsch (FT)
Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ)
Sugar-to-Jet (STJ)
Catalytic Hydrothermolysis (CH)
Direct Liquefaction
Power-to-Liquid (PtL)
Electrofuel (E-fuels)
Biological Routes
Others
Catalysts
Fischer-Tropsch
Hydrotreating
Zeolites
Bifunctional Catalysts
Enzymes
End Use
Commercial Aviation
Military Aviation
Airport Fuel Infrastructure
Cargo Aviation
Others
Fuel Properties &
Qualification
ASTM Certification
Fuel Performance
Pretreatment
Drying
Grinding
Dewatering
Feedstock purification
Bio-alcohol Production
Feedstock
Algal Feedstocks
Microalgae
Macroalgae
Cyanobacteria
Others
Lignocellulosic
Biomass
Agricultural Residues
Wood Waste
Bagasse
Corn Stover
Others
Sugar-Based
Feedstocks
Sugar beet
Sugarcane
Molasses
Others
Waste Feedstocks
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Industrial organic waste
Food Waste
Others
Gaseous
Feedstocks
Syngas
Biogas
CO
Others
Methane
Other feedstocks
Starch-Based
Feedstocks
Corn
Wheat
Cassava
Others
Production
Pathways
Fermentation
Gas Fermentation
Catalytic Conversion
Biological Routes
Others
Catalysts
Yeasts
Saccharomyces
Others
Enzymes
Others
Algae/Cyanobacteria
Bacteria
Clostridium
Zymomonas
Escherichia coli
Acetogens
Others
Bio-alcohol
Products
Mixed alcohols
Biopropanol
Biobutanol
Bioethanol
Others
Process
Technologies
Bioreactor Design
Process
Optimization
Co-fermentation
Simultaneous saccharification
and fermentation (SSF)
Others
Pretreatment
Biological
Chemical
Mechanical
Enzymatic
hydrolysis
Others
End
Applications
Fuel
Chemicals
Energy
Others
Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL)
of Algae and Wet Biomass
Feedstock
Algal Feedstocks
Microalgae
Algal residues
Macroalgae
Cyanobacteria
Mixed algal biomass
Others
Other feedstocks
Wet Biomass
Food waste
Animal manure
Sewage sludge
Others
Municipal organic waste
Aquatic plants
Industrial organic waste
Reactors
Batch reactors
Continuous-flow reactors
Plug flow reactors
Tubular reactors
Others
Catalysts
Heterogeneous catalysts
Others
Homogeneous catalysts
Alkali catalysts
Acid catalysts
Metal catalysts
Process
Conditions
Low-temperature HTL
High-temperature HTL
Supercritical water
Pressure optimization
Others
Pretreatment
pH adjustment
Size reduction
Dewatering
Feedstock blending /
Co-liquefaction
Others
Products
Bio-crude oil
Renewable diesel
Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)
Others
Renewable naphtha
Biochar
Co-liquefaction
Algae + biomass
Algae + plastics
Biomass blends
Other co-processing