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Managemen Approaches - Coggle Diagram

- - - - social and psychology, drivers of worker behavior, productivity and motivity in workplace, beyond physical factors
    - - effect of illumination on productivity- increase in illumination, increase in productivity, reduction in illumination, productivity improve, productivity decreased only when illumination brought to the level of moonlighting.
    - - Illumination did not affect productivity. Human factors are essential to determine productivity.
  - - - Determine employees attitude towards organization and people
    - - Object, people or events are carriers of social meanings
        Personal preference, interest, desire, sentiment, social preference, social past and social interpersonal relations
    - - Position of status inside and outside the organization
    - - To align individual values to organization values to fit perception of social status and expected social rewards
  - - - Reduced absenteeism, improved social cohesion, and increased morale driven by group dynamics
      - The emergence of an informal culture necessitated less direct supervision, as peer influence became the primary driver of productivity
      - Overall output improved due to a shift in workplace attitude, fostered by a heightened sense of belonging and organizational stability
      - determine employ attitude towards work and organization and people
    - - Personal preference, interest, derire, setiment, preference, social past and social interaction
        
        Position and status in and out of the organisasion
        
        Social organization, alligning individual values with organization values to fit perception of social status and expected social rewards
        
        Object, people or events are carrier of social meaning
  - - - Fear of unemployment, fear of increase in output, desire to protect slow workers
      - Workers established their own standard of output to take advantage of group incentive plan
    - - Money is less a factor in determining output than group standard, group attitiude and group security
    - - To analyze and determine social organisation
- - - - Autharity and structure
      - Ideal Protoyype of an organisation
    - - Nationality, Predictablility, impersonality, technical compateny and authority
    - - Career Orientation
        
        Managers are career professionals, not owners of units they manage.
      - Division of labour
        
        Jobs broken down into simple routines and well-defined tasks
      - Authority hierarchy
        
        Positions organized in a hierarchy with a clear chain of command
      - Formal selection
        
        People selected for jobs based on technical qualifications
      - Formal rules and regulations
        
        System of written rules and standard operating procedures
      - Impersonality
        
        Uniform application of rules and controls, not according to personalities.