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Challenges facing places outside major cities in australia, POPULATION…
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POPULATION LOSS
CAUSES
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Economic shifts: post-war industrialisation, globalisation and loss of employment in remote location due to global competition in agriculture
Agricultural changes: increased mechanisation of farming practices and the amalgation of small farm holdings into larger corporate entities
Service availability: the appreal of larger regional centres that offer better access to servives like medical care and aged care
IMPACTS
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an aging population, a decline in social opportunities, and increased travel times/costs for remaining residents to access services in other towns
DEFINITION: the declining share of the population living in a place and is the result of a combination of interrelated factors driving urbanisation
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EXAMPLE: Birdsville (QLD) once had a population of 300 and three hotels, and now have a population of 110 people and one hotel
RESOURCE DEGRADATION
IMPACTS
desertification, soil erosion, and dryland salinity
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significance finacial loss for farmers through decreased production and high costs for government to repaire infrastructure
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CAUSES
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Incompatible crops: replacing native, deep-rooted vegetation with shallow-rooted cereal crops, which alters the water table
DEFINITION: occurs when a land use deteriorates the quality of the biophysical environment within which it is located or which it surrounds
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EXAMPLE: the WA wheatbelt is losing land to salinity at a rate of one football oval per hour, with the value of productive land lost estimated at 700 million
LAND USE CONFLICTS
IMPACTS
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risk to ground water, other land uses, and a loss of biodiversity
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CAUSES
dissagreement between stakeholders on the most appropriate or relevent use for a specific areas of land
the tension between the conomic benifits of resource exteaction and the preservation of cultureal heritage or the natural environment
DEFINITION: arise when land use is promoted for an areas that may be viewed as incompatible with, insenitive or threatending to, an existing land use
SCOPE: primarily between mining companies, egricultural enterprises, conservation groups, and indigenous land irghts
EXAMPLE:Juukan Gorge, the peramne tdestruction of sacred 46,000 year old rock shelters in the hamersley range by a rio tinto blasting operation in may 2020
FIFO WORK PATTERNS
IMPACTS
local business and government lose revenue as workers spend their salaries elsewhere, potentially leading to the closure of local shops and facilities
a large influc of non-redident workers can disript the social fabric, leading to a 'shadow population' and a diminished sence of cummunity idenity and safety
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resouce booms can lead to a shortage of housing and skyrockiting rents, pushing low and moderate income households out of the locality
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DENINITION: work patterns were workers live in temporary worj camps for the typically two to four week period they are on site
EXAMPLE:karratha, experienced a massive boom and bust cycle were median house prices soared to $820,000 in 2014 before falling by as much as 75% after the construction boom ended