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1000 Server Monthli ptch management, Inventory → Vulnerability Scan → Risk…

- - - - Production
      - UAT
      - Development
      - DR
  - - - Nessus
      - OpenVAS
      - Qualys
      - Wazuh
  - - - Active Exploitation
      - RCE Vulnerabilities
  - - - Critical Servers
      - Application Servers
      - Database Servers
      - Web Servers
      - Infrastructure Servers
  - - - Ansible Patch Management (Enterprise Level)
        
        Overview
        
        Purpose
        
        Automate OS patching across hundreds or thousands of servers
        
        Ensure security compliance
        
        Reduce manual effort
        
        Standardize patch deployment
        
        Benefits
        
        Centralized management
        
        Faster patch deployment
        
        Reduced human error
        
        Detailed reporting
        
        Rollback planning
        
        Compliance auditing
        
        Architecture
        
        Control Node
        
        Ansible Installed
        
        Stores Inventory
        
        Stores Playbooks
        
        SSH Connectivity
        
        Managed Nodes
        
        Linux Servers
        
        Application Servers
        
        Database Servers
        
        Web Servers
        
        Communication
        
        SSH Port 22
        
        Agentless Architecture
        
        Key-Based Authentication
        
        Prerequisites
        
        Ansible Installed
        
        sudo apt install ansible
        
        SSH Connectivity
        
        ssh user@server
        
        Sudo Privileges
        
        visudo
        
        %linux_admins ALL=(ALL) ALL
        
        Inventory Configuration
        
        /etc/ansible/hosts
        
        Inventory Management
        
        Inventory File
        
        /etc/ansible/hosts
        
        Example
        
        [web]
        
        web01
        
        web02
        
        [db]
        
        db01
        
        db02
        
        [linux]
        
        web01
        
        web02
        
        db01
        
        db02
        
        Verify Inventory
        
        ansible-inventory --list
        
        Connectivity Validation
        
        Ping Test
        
        ansible all -m ping
        
        Gather Facts
        
        ansible all -m setup
        
        Check Uptime
        
        ansible all -a "uptime"
        
        Patch Management Workflow
        
        Phase 1 Planning
        
        Identify Patch Window
        
        Business Approval
        
        Change Request Approval
        
        Server Classification
        
        Risk Assessment
        
        Phase 2 Pre-Checks
        
        Verify Server Reachability
        
        Check Disk Space
        
        ansible all -a "df -h"
        
        Check Memory
        
        ansible all -a "free -m"
        
        Check Running Services
        
        ansible all -a "systemctl --failed"
        
        Verify Backups
        
        Snapshot Virtual Machines
        
        Phase 3 Patch Assessment
        
        Ubuntu
        
        apt list --upgradable
        
        RHEL Oracle Linux
        
        yum check-update
        
        dnf check-update
        
        Ansible Command
        
        ansible all -a "dnf check-update"
        
        Phase 4 Patch Deployment
        
        Update Package Cache
        
        Download Updates
        
        Install Security Updates
        
        Install Kernel Updates
        
        Reboot If Required
        
        Phase 5 Validation
        
        Verify Services
        
        Verify Applications
        
        Verify Database Connectivity
        
        Verify Website Availability
        
        Verify Logs
        
        Phase 6 Reporting
        
        Success Report
        
        Failed Hosts Report
        
        Compliance Report
        
        Change Closure
        
        Enterprise Playbook Structure
        
        Directory Layout
        
        ansible/
        
        inventory/
        
        playbooks/
        
        roles/
        
        group_vars/
        
        host_vars/
        
        Main Playbook
        
        patch.yml
        
        Execute Playbook
        
        ansible-playbook patch.yml
        
        Ubuntu Patch Playbook
        
        Tasks
        
        Update Cache
        
        apt update
        
        Upgrade Packages
        
        apt upgrade -y
        
        Autoremove
        
        apt autoremove -y
        
        Reboot If Required
        
        RHEL Oracle Linux Patch Playbook
        
        Tasks
        
        dnf update -y
        
        Reboot If Required
        
        Example Playbook Flow
        
        Hosts
        
        linux
        
        Become
        
        yes
        
        Tasks
        
        Update Packages
        
        Reboot
        
        Wait For Server
        
        Validate Connectivity
        
        Reboot Management
        
        Why Reboot
        
        Kernel Updates
        
        Security Fixes
        
        Ansible Module
        
        reboot
        
        Example
        
        reboot:
        
        reboot_timeout=600
        
        Rolling Patch Strategy
        
        Purpose
        
        Prevent Full Outage
        
        Method
        
        Patch Small Batch
        
        Validate
        
        Continue Next Batch
        
        Example
        
        serial: 10
        
        Benefits
        
        High Availability
        
        Reduced Risk
        
        Enterprise Groups
        
        Web Servers
        
        Patch 10 At A Time
        
        Application Servers
        
        Patch 5 At A Time
        
        Database Servers
        
        One By One
        
        Critical Systems
        
        Manual Approval Required
        
        Service Validation
        
        Check SSH
        
        systemctl status sshd
        
        Check Nginx
        
        systemctl status nginx
        
        Check Apache
        
        systemctl status httpd
        
        Check Database
        
        systemctl status mysql
        
        systemctl status postgresql
        
        Ansible Validation
        
        ansible all -a "systemctl status nginx"
        
        Failure Handling
        
        Common Failures
        
        Disk Full
        
        Package Conflict
        
        Repository Unavailable
        
        Server Unreachable
        
        Troubleshooting
        
        Check Logs
        
        Verify Network
        
        Verify Repositories
        
        Retry Failed Hosts
        
        Security Best Practices
        
        SSH Key Authentication
        
        Disable Root Login
        
        Least Privilege Access
        
        Sudo Access Control
        
        Ansible Vault For Secrets
        
        Audit Logging
        
        Ansible Vault
        
        Encrypt Passwords
        
        ansible-vault create secret.yml
        
        Edit Vault
        
        ansible-vault edit secret.yml
        
        Run Playbook
        
        ansible-playbook patch.yml --ask-vault-pass
        
        Enterprise Change Management
        
        Request For Change
        
        RFC Creation
        
        Risk Assessment
        
        CAB Approval
        
        Maintenance Window
        
        Patch Deployment
        
        Validation
        
        Closure Report
        
        Reporting And Compliance
        
        Generate Patch Status
        
        Failed Hosts Report
        
        Compliance Dashboard
        
        Audit Evidence
        
        Vulnerability Remediation Tracking
        
        Scheduling
        
        Cron Jobs
        
        AWX
        
        Ansible Automation Platform
        
        Maintenance Windows
        
        AWX Automation
        
        Inventory Management
        
        Credential Management
        
        Job Templates
        
        Scheduling
        
        Role Based Access Control
        
        Reporting Dashboard
        
        Large Scale Environment
        
        100 Servers
        
        Single Batch
        
        500 Servers
        
        Multiple Batches
        
        1000+ Servers
        
        Rolling Deployment
        
        Staggered Reboots
        
        Monitoring Integration
        
        Monitoring Integration
        
        ELK Stack
        
        Wazuh
        
        Zabbix
        
        Nagios
        
        Prometheus
        
        Enterprise Patch Cycle
        
        Week 1
        
        Vulnerability Review
        
        Week 2
        
        Testing In Dev
        
        Week 3
        
        UAT Validation
        
        Week 4
        
        Production Deployment
        
        Interview Preparation
        
        What Is Ansible
        
        Agentless Automation Tool
        
        Why Use Ansible For Patching
        
        Centralized
        
        Scalable
        
        Consistent
        
        What Is Inventory
        
        List Of Managed Hosts
        
        What Is A Playbook
        
        YAML Automation File
        
        What Is Become
        
        Privilege Escalation
        
        Equivalent To sudo
        
        How To Check Connectivity
        
        ansible all -m ping
        
        How To Run A Command
        
        ansible all -a "uptime"
        
        How To Execute Playbook
        
        ansible-playbook patch.yml
        
        How To Encrypt Secrets
        
        ansible-vault
        
        What Is Serial
        
        Rolling Patch Deployment
        
        What Is AWX
        
        Web UI For Ansible
        
        How To Patch 1000 Servers
        
        Inventory Groups
        
        Rolling Updates
        
        Serial Batches
        
        Validation Checks
        
        Automated Reporting
        
        Real Enterprise Patch Flow
        
        Receive Security Advisory
        
        Create Change Request
        
        Obtain Approval
        
        Backup Systems
        
        Snapshot Virtual Machines
        
        Perform Pre-Checks
        
        Test In Development
        
        Test In UAT
        
        Patch Production In Batches
        
        Reboot If Required
        
        Validate Services
        
        Generate Reports
        
        Close Change Ticket
        
        Maintain Audit Evidence
  - - - Low Risk Servers
    - - Medium Risk Servers
    - - High Criticality Servers